ORGANIZATION GROUP FLOW In an organization‚ communication flows in 5 main directions- 1. Downward 2. Upward 3. Lateral 4. Diagonal 5. External 6. Laissez-faire 1. Downward Flow of Communication: Communication that flows from a higher level in an organization to a lower level is a downward communication. In other words‚ communication from superiors to subordinates in a chain of command is a downward communication. This communication flow is used by the managers to
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Balanced Scorecard was developed in the early 1990s by two guys at the Harvard Business School: Robert Kaplan and David Norton. The key problem that Kaplan and Norton identified in the business of the day was that many companies tended to manage their businesses based solely on financial measures. While that may have worked well in the past‚ the pace of business in today’s world requires more comprehensive measures. Though financial measures are necessary‚ they can only report what has happened in
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Using rewards to motivate employees. How to pay: rewarding individual employees to variable pay programs Types of pay programs Piece-rate pay Merit based pay Bonuses Skill based pay Profit sharing plans Gain sharing Employee stock ownership plans Evaluation of variable pay Piece rate pay Provides no base salary and pays the employees only for what the one produces. E.g. ball park workers Limitations are that they are not feasible for many jobs Profit sharing plans
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Using Language Effectively 200 April 8‚ 2012 Rose Farmer Using Language Effectively During our adolescent stage‚ many of us struggle to adhere to our parent rules and regulations‚ especially when it pertains to selecting friends who will have our best interest at heart. At least for me‚ during my teenage period‚ I thought if another teenage was kind to me‚ then she was automatically my friend. Failing to listen my parents assessment of some of those females‚ caused me to suffer unnecessary
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American history is made up of countless events that are important‚ and these events have led America to where it is today. More specifically‚ Black History Month is celebrated in February annually. February is the month in which the achievements of important African Americans are acknowledged. On December 8‚ two of the most famous African Americans in the 1900s‚ entertainer Sammy Davis Jr. and comedian Flip Wilson‚ were born. Sammy Davis Jr. was born December 8‚ 1925 in New York‚ New York. Davis
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Rights of Employees CONTENTS Introduction 1. Workers and employees 2. Length of service 3. Contracts of employment 4. Written statement of terms 5. Statutory procedures and the LRA Code of Practice 6. Wages 7. Hours‚ holidays and rest breaks 8. Sunday working 9. Time off provisions 10. Maternity‚ paternity and adoption 11. Part time workers 12. Fixed term employees 13. Discrimination 14. Whistleblowing 15. Employment protection in health and safety
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Summary This article is giving experience suggestion that certain definite strategies can be used by businessman to protect their firms’ market. Corporation today compete on an international basis‚ so must have an appropriate international business strategy which can give comparative advantage. Yet the managers rarely have a systematic approach to their international business operation. The insular company with unattractive options is losing market share and margin. To deal with this dilemma requires
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1950’s The 1950’s where so called the birth of popular music. The first half of the decade was run by popular music‚ or classic pop. This more vocal driven music had replaced the earlier big band style. Artists such as Nat King Cole and Frank Sinatra where the leaders of this age of traditional pop. Often the most popular musicians that play this genre also played very well on the television and sometimes they would be featured on music special shows‚ or perhaps even have a music variety of their
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performance goals with at least these three standards; 2.1 Profitability and Growth: Profitability is vital to success for Ford Motors. A profitable business pays interest to lenders‚ tax to authority and dividend to shareholders and bonuses to employees in time. It helps in satisfying all the stakeholders of FM. A profitable FM creates more opportunity for growth and a growing FM will generate further profit to satisfy the stakeholders. So‚ this cycle moves on and helps FM to become a real leader
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6.1 Explain the purposes and types of assessment used in education and training. Students should explain in their essay the purposes and types of assessment used in education and training. (400 words minimum) Assessment serves various purposes in education and training‚ ranging from diagnosing learners’ needs to evaluating their overall understanding and skills. There are three different types of assessments‚ initial diagnostic assessment‚ formative assessment‚ and summative assessment. They serve
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