molecules into the crystals and so solid nickel(II) chloride is hydrated‚ has the formula [Ni(H2O)6]Cl2‚ and is more properly called hexaquonickel(II) chloride. If ammonia is added to a solution of this salt‚ ammonia molecules compete with the water in bonding Ni2+ and because the ammonia forms a stronger bond than water‚ the ammonia replaces the water according to: [Ni(H2O)6]Cl2(aq) + 6 NH3(aq) → [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2(aq) + 6 H2O (l) or‚ as a net ionic equation [Ni(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 6 NH3(aq) → [Ni(NH3)6]2+(aq)
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beginning of earth’s time and tested the chemicals that would be there a few days later. Miller predicted that prehistoric earth had certain chemical reactions that made organic compounds from inorganic base. The experiment used water‚ methane‚ ammonia‚ and hydrogen. The chemicals were all sealed inside a sterile array of glass flasks and flasks connected in a loop‚ with one flask half-full of liquid water and another flask containing a pair of electrodes. The liquid water was heated to induce evaporation
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Experiment # 8 Qualitative Analysis of Cations Objectives Part I: Separate a mixture of known cations: Pb2+‚ Fe3+‚ Al3+‚ Cu2+‚ and Ca2+ into individual ions. Perform a series of tests to become familiar with reactions characteristic of each cation. Part II: Separate and identify individual cations in an unknown solution containing a mixture of up to five cations. Use information gathered in part I to identify the cations. Introduction Qualitative analysis is a general name for the process
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Michelle Olson Lab report 4/25/14 Percent of Cu in a post 1982 cent PURPOSE: What is the experimental % of copper (Cu) in a post 1982 cent? In this lab‚ we will determine the % composition of a modern (post-1982) penny by using a strong acid called nitric acid (HNO3)‚ to react and dissolve the zinc core‚ leaving only the copper coating. Once only copper remains‚ we will then compare its’ absorbency to the other five post-1982 penny Cu concentrations made in this lab. INTRODUCTION:
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medicinal‚ organic‚ physical‚ theoretical and environmental chemistry. There is a large variety of chemical jobs available to practicing scientists in the chemical industry including in the • Manufacture of inorganic and organic chemicals such as ammonia‚ various acids‚ solvents‚ detergents‚ dyes and pesticides A chemist employed in the • Petrochemical industry will monitor and control the
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bonding pair. In the a molecule of water‚ for example‚ two lone pairs and two bonding pairs are around the oxygen‚ therefore‚ the angle between each bond is 104¡ã due to the greater repulsion between the two lone pairs. Also in the molecules of ammonia (NH3)‚ since there is one lone pair around the nitrogen‚ the angle between each bond is 107¡ã. In conclusion‚ the repulsion between lone pair and lone pair is usually greater than it between lone pair and bonding pair‚ and is greater than bonding
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orbitals have these features. So‚ it can form complex ions readily. Apparatus and Materials: Measuring cylinder‚ suction filter‚ measuring cylinder‚ beaker‚ conical flask‚ petri dish‚ glass rod‚ copper(II)nitrate‚ water‚ ammonia‚ acetyl acetone Procedure: 1. 6g of Copper(II) nitrate (Cu
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w w ap eP m e tr .X w Paper 3 Practical Test CONFIDENTIAL INSTRUCTIONS 5070/03 May/June 2004 Great care should be taken that any confidential information given does not reach the candidates either directly or indirectly. INSTRUCTIONS TO SUPERVISORS Teachers responsible for the examination are NOT allowed to consult the question paper before the day of the examination. However‚ they are asked to carry out a titration between solutions P and Q‚ to ensure that the concentrations
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PAGE NO.121(CHAPTER-9 CHEMISTRY PRACTICALS) Q4.How would you distinguish between the following: a)Calcium nitrate and lead nitrate using ammonium hydroxide Ans: Add ammonium hydroxide to the given substance‚ calcium nitrate does not form any ppt. with ammonium hydroxide. But lead nitrate forms chalky white ppt. With ammonium hydroxide b)Calcium nitrate and lead nitrate using sodium hydroxide solution Ans: Add sodium hydroxide to the given substance‚ Calcium nitrate forms milky white ppt
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removed (approximately 15 minutes). If irritation or pain persist seek medical attention Cyclohexane Test tube Toxic Eye and skin contact with liquid causes pain and irritation. Repeated skin contact degreases the skin and may cause cracking Ammonia Test tube Toxic May explode if heated for too long. Corrosive to eyes and skin and toxic if inhaled Immediately
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