The Mann Gulch Fire On August 5‚ 1949‚ a wildfire overran 16 smokejumpers and firefighters in Mann Gulch on the Helena National Forest in Montana. The fire was most likely started by lightning from a thunderstorm. It was noticed promptly by rangers‚ who dispatched 16 smokejumpers‚ under the command of Wagner Dodge. Thought to be much smaller than it actually was‚ the fire quickly grew large and out of control‚ covering 3000 acres in 10 minutes during its blow up stage. Upon approaching Mann Gulch
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Experiment: DNA damage and mutations in human cells when exposed to nitric oxide Aim: To examine mutations after in vitro exposure of nitric oxide to human cells. Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a anatomical carrier formed by various cell types. In this experiment nitric oxide is made to react with undamaged human cells and solutions of DNA‚ RNA ‚ guanine or adenine in aerobic conditions. TK6 human lymphoblastoid cells were altered. It has been observed that deamination of purines‚ pyrimidines
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You might ask yourself what one of the most common elements used would be. Well I’m here to tell you that it is nitrogen! One of the biggest users of Nitrogen is all of the plants around the world; especially the crops that we grow for food. This is perhaps why it is one of the most important elements also. All the food around the world comes from the crops that are grown some way or another. However‚ the odorless and colorless gas‚ nitrogen‚ cannot be used in the state found naturally in our
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In “Pittsburgh Sheep” we measured the temperature of the 10 milliliters of Solution 2. Then we dropped a ball of steel wool into the test tube and measured the temperature again. We stored the test tubes on the test tube rack to observe the next day. A chemical reaction did occur in the lab. There were a color change and an odor change that was observed on Day 2 of the lab. On Day 1‚ the liquid was clear and the smell was very strong. On Day 2 of the lab‚ most of the liquid was gone but the color
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Experiment #1 – Aromatic Nitration The purpose of this lab is to convert toluene to nitrotoluene through the process of aromatic nitration. This is done by electrophilic aromatic substitution. The aromatic organic compound‚ toluene‚ is reacted under mild conditions with an electrophile‚ the nitronium ion‚ resulting in a product of nitrotoluene. Failure to use mild conditions may result in polynitration. Different reaction conditions were studied to understand the effect of nitrating agent
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CSEC CHEMISTRY NOTES ON SOLUBILITY OF COMPOUNDS IN WATER and SATURATED SOLUTION Reference: Chemistry‚ a Concise Revision Course for CXC by Anne Tindale From Chemistry for CSEC by Tania Chung-Harris and Mike Taylor Factors that influence solubility Temperature * The solubility of solids in liquids generally increases as temperature increases. * The solubility of gases in liquids generally decreases as temperature increases. (gases are less soluble in warm water than in cold water)
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* . Introduction Endothermic reactions are accompanied by the absorption of heat. The dissolving of ammonium nitrate in water is an example of an endothermic reaction. The solution resulting from this mixture is colder than either the ammonium nitrate or the water. This is the simple explanation of what happens in an instant ice pack. The more detailed information will be discussed in the following paragraphs. Cold Packs Most cold packs come with a fabric cover made to absorb condensation and
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Abstract Pyrorle-2-aldehyde and 1‚3-diaminopropane react under reflux to form a transition metal ion of Nickel(II)‚ that further more react with nickel acetate to form red crystals through condensation‚ the colour being constituded by the congugated bonds. These series of reactions synthesize the Schiff Base ligand and Nickel(II) complex of the Schiff base ligand. 0.36g of the Schiff base ligand is yielded and 0.1g of the nickel complex is yielded from the 0.36g Schiff base ligand and 0.5g nickel
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Accred Qual Assur (2005) 10:172–176 DOI 10.1007/s00769-005-0914-6 PRACTITIONER’S REPORT V. Kmecl J. SuÐin ˇˇ L. Zupancic-Kralj Validation of analytical methods used for determination of nitrate in soil Received: 7 April 2004 Accepted: 3 November 2004 Published online: 24 March 2005 Springer-Verlag 2005 V. Kmecl ()) · J. SuÐin Agricultural Institute of Slovenia‚ Hacquetova 17‚ 1000 Ljubljana‚ Slovenia e-mail: veronika.kmecl@kis.si Tel.: +386-1-2805164 Fax: +386-1-2805255 ˇˇ L. Zupancic-Kralj
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AP Chemistry 12/13/11 Round-Trip Copper Reactions Lab The purpose of this lab was to evaluate our skills of decanting a supernatant liquid without losing the solid and successful completion of a series of reactions. This was done through five chemical reactions involving copper. In this lab‚ elemental copper was put through five different chemical reactions in order to convert it into different compounds. By the end of the fifth reaction‚ the copper was back to its elemental state. In the
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