Presentation Questions Ecstasy 1. Explain how the brain normally regulates serotonin. How does ecstasy act in the brain‚ & what neurotransmitters does it affect? - Normally‚ the brain regulates serotonin (5-HT) by taking up the release in neighboring neurons. - With ecstasy‚ the neuron is still supplied with 5-HT directly. However‚ ecstasy MIMICS 5-HT by blocking the reuptake of serotonin‚ [causing the release of high levels of 5-HT into the synapse]‚ which induces euphoria & the
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It was in 1892 that Dr Arnold Pick first published journal articles on a condition that appeared to be a variant of what was then termed senile dementia. At the time this degeneration was referred to as Pick’s disease‚ a term allegedly coined by one of his pupils (Weder‚ et al‚ 2007)‚ and related to the progressive destruction of neurons mainly in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain. This condition has subsequently been designated Frontal-Temporal Dementia (FTD)‚ and is considered second
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Do we truly have free will? It is the ability to make a decision without hindrance. Human nature‚ neuroscience‚ everyday life are contributing factors in free will. Human nature deals decisions that focus on the awareness of the conscious mind. For instance‚ free will enables humans to control and carry out their own decisions. Contrary to Freud’s belief‚ free will is dependent upon personal “motives‚ convictions‚ and intentions.” To specify‚ external forces do not completely establish human behavior
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Tutorial: The Brain The brain was a mystery for a very long time. Modern imaging has allowed us to study the brain and locate where important functions are occurring. Please remember that the functions do not happen in just one area of the brain. Many neural layers and areas are found in any one activity that happens. But what we do know though is that some areas do appear to be predominantly involved in certain functions. We will learn about the brain in the three-part model. We’ll first look at
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Charles Manson (born November 12‚ 1934) was an American criminal who was convicted of first degree murder and conspiracy to commit murder. He was born to Kathleen Maddox‚ a 16-year-old girl who was both an alcoholic and a prostitute. Kathleen later married William Manson (not his father but took his last name through marriage)‚ but the marriage ended quickly and Charles was placed in a boys school. Kathleen was absent for much of Manson’s early life. She was imprisoned with her brother in 1939 for
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Should MDMA be used in psychotherapy to treat PTSD? In this essay‚ it will be argued that MDMA should be used in psychotherapy and in particular Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) but only in a controlled clinical setting as there is no evidence for MDMA neurotoxicity in such conditions. Mithoefer et al (2011) is a recent study that attempted just that. It reported findings that 83% of participants no longer met DSM-IV criteria for PTSD after MDMA treatment‚ highlighting its potential value in
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skin conductance- non- specific arousal Differential Conditioning- ITI- intertrial interval startles for in-between startle probes (when nothing is on the screen) Startle indexes magnitude of response of fear- ITI lowest‚ CS- low‚ CS+ highest Amygdala (fear conditioning/shock sensitization CS+ startle reflex) nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (RPC) spinal & facial motoneurons (startle reflex)‚ cochlear root neurons (abrupt noise-probe) Second-order conditioning- things which predict bad things
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of an organ of an animal or plant. 10. Pons: Are the nerve fibers that are on the service of the brainstem that is between the medulls oblongata and midbrain. 11. Hippocampus: This is part of the brain that is associated with memory. 12. Amygdala: This is an almond shaped group of gray matter; there is one in each hemisphere of the brain that deals feeling afraid and upset. 13. Pituitary gland: This is the growth-influencing gland at the base of brain. It produces hormones that will control
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on holes in one’s self image. (page 56) • “Zombies” are our unconscious minds and are able to function independently. Claims that our minds have many zombies but they we still us “I” when we think. (page 57) • The “passionate self” is found in the amygdala and controls our emotional responses. (page 57) • Some epileptic people have feelings of divine intervention or presence
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[in the SPOTLIGHT] Richard J. Davidson and Antoine Lutz Buddha’s Brain: Neuroplasticity and Meditation I n a recent visit to the United States‚ the Dalai Lama gave a speech at the Society for Neuroscience’s annual meeting in Washington‚ D.C. Over the past several years‚ he has helped recruit Tibetan Buddhist monks for— and directly encouraged—research on the brain and meditation in the Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior at the University of WisconsinMadison. The findings
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