Artem Ilyayev Ap Bio 1) An element is to a(n) ___________ as an organ is to a(n) _______________ Answer - b - compound; organism 2) In the term trace element‚ the modifier trace means Answer - a - the element is required in very small amounts. 3) Compared to 31P‚ the radioactive isotope 32P has Answer - b - one more neutron 4) Atoms can be represented by simply listing the number of protons‚ neutrons‚ and electrons - for example‚ 2P+; 2n0; 2e- for helium. Which atom represents the 18O isotope
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Enzyme Kinetics Examples and Problems 1. An enzyme is produced for producing a sun protection lotion. Given kinetic data for the enzyme reaction with Vm=2.5 mmol/m3.s‚ Km=8.9 mM and So=12mM‚ what would be the time required for 95% conversion in a batch reactor? 2. An enzyme was assayed at an initial substrate concentration of 10-5M. The Km’ for the substrate is 2x10-3M. At the end of 1 min‚ 2% of the substrate had been converted to product. a. What % of the substrate will be converted
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Keeping conditions inside the body the same is called homeostasis. It’s not easy. Lots of things have to happen‚ e.g. energy transferred between body and environment‚ carbon dioxide is a waste product of respiration and has to be transported by the bloodstream to the lungs where it is breathed out‚ waste and waste products are filtered out of the blood and excreted in the urine. An incubator has a temperature sensor‚ a thermostat with a switch and a heater. Negative feedback happens when one factor
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LITERATURE REVIEW INTRODUCTION OF ENZYMES Enzymes are complex proteins that cause a specific chemical change in all parts of the body (David C. Dugdale‚ 2011). When we understand enzymes we understand cells (Marshall Brian‚ 2001). In many organisms most chemical reactions are catalyzed -when a substance speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction- by enzymes. Each enzyme controls a certain function that happens in a cell. Still each one has its own process and rate that it converts molecules. Studying
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Week 7 Digestion Lecture Study Guide Based on information found in the lecture folder or other sources‚ answer the following questions. 1. What is digestion? Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into usable molecules 2. List some other names of the digestive tract. Alimentary Canal (GI Tract) 3. Explain where and how the mechanical breakdown of food occurs. Teeth begin digestion mechanically‚ Chewing (“mastication”) breaks apart food‚ 2 sets
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that are harmful‚ it creates substances that are necessary and it disposes of waste products. Function of the Pancreas * The pancreas is an important component of the digestive system. It manufactures and secretes digestive enzymes such as amylase‚ which digests starch. It also produces lipase‚ which breaks down fats‚ and trypsin‚ a protein processor. The pancreas creates and secretes insulin‚ glucagon and other hormones. Insulin and glucagon are especially important for the maintenance of
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of always being tired‚ & the feeling of weakness. •The following labs need to be monitored with this condition: urinalysis‚ serum levels‚ liver enzymes & bilirubin levels‚ urine culture‚ the patients calcium level & hematocrit level‚ as well as amylase levels. •Treatments for this condition include vitamins‚ herbal
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2.) a) proteins b.) i) Amylase ii) Protease iii) Lipase c) i) Glucose ii) Amino Acids iii) Fatty acids and Glycerol 3.) a.) Each enzyme has a unique shape that fits onto the substrate. As enzymes normally only catalyse one reaction the substrate has to fit in the specific shape (active site) and if it doesn’t fit in (lock and key method) then the enzyme won’t be catalysed. b.) As when the enzyme is denatured it’s special shape is destroyed‚ thus destroying it’s active site meaning that
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_________ ________________________________________________________________________ (iii) haemoglobin________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ (iv) the enzyme amylase _________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2 Mutations Mutations are changes to the DNA. They can happen spontaneously or be caused by different factors. Write down two
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Treating starch How is starch and cellulose treated to allow them to be used by the yeast? (1)Starch is a complex carbohydrate that is insoluble in water. It is supplied by traditional staple foods such as cereals‚ roots and tubers. Starch is used in cooking for thickening foods such as sauce. In industry‚ it is used in the manufacturing of paper‚ textiles and as a mould in the manufacture of sweets such as wine gums and jelly beans. Fermentation (2)As with any food preparation‚ there are
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