concept of rational actor: a. National actor‚ nation or government must have one set of specified goals‚ one set of options‚ and estimation of the consequences. b. The problem‚ action is chosen based on the problem that faced by the nation. c. Static selection‚ the representative of government has chosen the relevant solution toward the problem as the alternative outcomes. d. Action as rational choice‚ which are include the components below: The basic concepts of the action of rational actor are:
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‘Policies embody claims to speak with authority‚ they legitimate and initiate practices in the world‚ and they privilege certain visions and interests’ Ball (1990; p22). There is a vast number of definitions for what is a policy as the word varies over different disciplines. According to the literature policy means a plan of action‚ or a statement of aims or ideals. Ball (1994a; p10)‚ states that “policy is text and action‚ words and deeds‚ it is enacted as well as what is intended”. Based on
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into types. These are three key types of approach to cognitive development: • Constructivist approach. This focuses on children as active learners. Theyâ€TMre interested in how children learn from their experiences‚ and how they learn to understand the world around them. Outlined in Jerome Bruner’s theory “that the learners actively construct their own knowledge based upon the things they know now and have known in the past―. • Behaviourist approach. This focuses on the way children respond
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Development Policies Of Bangladesh Background Bangladesh is a developing country located in the South that has been wrought with poverty since it first gained independence from Pakistan back in 1971 (Economist). Bangladesh was seen by many as a country that would always be dependent on foreign aid (Economist). It is a country that is overcrowded and a place that experiences extreme weather “its people are crammed onto
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SCI DOI 10.1007/s11366-012-9192-4 R E S E A R C H A RT I C L E Chinese Foreign Policy Making 2010–2011: Using the Cultural Approach to Explain Complexity Mark W. Lai # Journal of Chinese Political Science/Association of Chinese Political Studies 2012 Abstract The rising economic strength of China over the past decade has aroused concern over the imbalance of global power. Research on Chinese foreign policy has again become of critical importance to the study of international relations and
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Policy Development on reducing prison population paper Student CJA/464 January 31‚ 2013 Teacher Policy Development on reducing prison population paper In this paper‚ research will be made on reducing prison population and how policy affects and restores how the system works. In the research of how to reduce prison population will include statistics‚ facts‚ and public opinion history information which will support the policies claims. This topic has always been controversial and the following
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This essay is an attempt to compare the modernization and radical approaches to development and deciding which approach of the two offers a plausible explanation to what is prevailing in LDCs like Zambia. It will start by defining the major concepts which are development‚ modernization and radical approach‚ and then it shall proceed to make a full analysis of the two approaches respectively. The advantages and criticism will be given specifically for the two approaches‚ and it shall evaluate which
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UNIT UNIT I I I DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND EXPERIENCE (1947-90) The two chapters in this unit give us an overview of the state of the Indian economy as it was at the eve of independence till after four decades of planned development‚ which was a path that India chose. This meant that the Government of India had to take a series of steps such as the establishment of the Planning Commission and announcement of five year plans. An overview of the goals of five year plans and a critical appraisal
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Policy Development Paper Policy Development Paper October 07‚ 2009 Policy Development Paper This paper will be focused on a terrorism security policy for large events. This paper will also include statistical‚ factual‚ and public opinion history information which will support my policy claim. All stake holders such as: politicians‚ judges‚ prosecutors‚ defense attorneys‚ correctional officers and administrators‚ law enforcement officers and administrators‚ victims‚ law-abiding citizens
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P rogram Development Peer-Reviewed Need Conducting an Effective Needs Assessment B y T ra c e y L . C e k a d a IN BRIEF •The first step in developing a training program is to determine whether training is needed. •A training needs assessment provides some certainty that the time‚ money and resources used to develop and conduct training will deliver desired performance-based results. •How is a training needs assessment conducted? What model can be followed? Does this model work across different
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