Objective In this experiment we would be ascertaining the percentage content of ethanol in 3 samples (spirit‚ wine and a beer). We would be comparing the concentration of ethanol to that of 25%propanol which would act as an internal standard. Method To set up the standards for a calibration curve we would make solutions of different concentrations of ethanol. Using a 25cm3 volumetric flask we would put 10cm3 of 25% Propanol into each one which would act as an internal standard. We would
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BASIC SEPARATION TECHNIQUES Contemporary modifications of filtration and dialysis use a matrix-based fibrous material that provides a mechanism of separation in many homogeneous immunoassays. These materials may be coated with specific antibody-ligand to foster selection of specific materials or species. Certain labels use magnetic particles in conjunction with strong magnets to effect separation. Basic universally used separation mechanisms‚ outside of those incorporated in immunoassay‚
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Band broadening theory (Van Deemter equation) It is well recognized now that column band broadening originates from three main sources: 1. multiple path of an analyte through the column packing; 2. molecular diffusion; 3. effect of mass transfer between phases. In 1956 J.J. Van Deemter introduced the equation which combined all three sources and represented them as the dependence of the theoretical plate height (HETP) on the mobile phase linear velocity. Originally‚ it was introduced for gas
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Mobile Phase The mobile phase is the phase that moves through the stationary phase (explain that stuff). As the mobile phase is moving through the stationary phase‚ it picks up compounds that need to be tested‚ taking those compounds with it. Through adsorption‚ the mobile phase separates into different components (soinc). The mobile phase can be liquid‚ gas‚ or supercritical fluid. How Does Chromatography Work? Chromatography is a surface effect. It works by first starting off with an unidentified
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Chromatography is a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture. The mixture is dissolved in a fluid called the mobile phase‚ which carries it through a structure holding another material called the stationary phase. The various constituents of the mixture travel at different speeds‚ causing them to separate. The separation is based on differential partitioning between the mobile and stationary phases. Subtle differences in a compound’s partition coefficient result in differential retention
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C H A P T E R 5 Basic Concepts from Organic Chemistry 5.1 | INTRODUCTION The fundamental information that environmental engineers and scientists need concerning organic chemistry differs considerably from that which the organic chemist requires. This difference is due to the fact that chemists are concerned principally with the synthesis of compounds‚ whereas environmental engineers and scientists are concerned‚ in the main‚ with how the organic compounds in liquid‚ solid‚ and gaseous wastes
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Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my chemistry mentors Mrs. Smiti Gupta for her vital support‚ genius guidance and encouragement without which this project would not have come forth from my side. I would also like to express my heartly gratitude to the lab assistants Mr. Rajkumar Singh for his necessary suggestions and initiations during the making of this project. I am grateful to My Parents and My Sister whose blessings and wishes have gone a long way in the
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Dynamic Chemistry Matter – Any substance that has volume & mass. E.g. EVERY THING Atom – The smallest non living thing that can exist. Atomic Structure – Particle | Symbol | Location | Charge | Mass | Proton | P | Nucleus | +1 | 1Heavy | Neutron | N | Nucleus | 0 | 1Heavy | Electron | E | Electron Shell or Orbit | -1 | 12000Light | History of the Atom – The model of the atom has changed with time. Dalton – solid shape (no subatomic particles) (indivisible particle) Rutherford
Free Atom Periodic table Chemical element
DEVELOPMENT OF VALIDATED RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE AND FINASTERIDE FROM TABLET DOSAGE FORM Susheel John Varghese‚ Leela Madhuri Pola‚ K.Murugavel‚ and T.K.Ravi. College of Pharmacy‚ Sri Ramakrishna Institute of Paramedical Sciences‚ Coimbatore – 641044‚ Tamilnadu. E-Mail: velmpharm24@gmail.com A precise‚ accurate and rapid RP-HPLC method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of Tamsulosin
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HPLC Theory: System Suitability Parameters High performance liquid chromatography is defined as a separation of mixtures of compounds due to differences in their distribution equilibrium between two phases‚ the stationary phase packed inside columns and the mobile phase‚ delivered through the columns by high pressure pumps. Components whose distribution into the stationary phase is higher‚ are retained longer‚ and get separated from those with lower distribution into the stationary phase. The
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