A Summary of Alkaptonuria Alkaptonuria is an inborn error of metabolism that presents most notably with the occurrence of black urine when the urine is exposed to air. For this reason‚ it is also called the “Black Urine” disease. It is an autosomal recessive disorder and is therefore inherited genetically. Alkaptonuria is very rare‚ with a presentation of about 1:250‚000(ref1). The causality behind Alkaptonuria is a deficiency in homogentisic acid 1‚2 dioxygenase‚ an enzyme that is found in the
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KIDNEY TRANSPLANT Content Page Introduction 2 Background: History of Kidney Transplants 4 Medical Technique 7 Social Issues Related To Kidney Transplant 12 Bibliography 13 Introduction The kidneys are located at the rear of the abdominal cavity and are approximately 10cm long and 5.5cm thick. They are packed with roughly one million microscopic filtering units called nephrons. This huge supply of filters correlates with the main function of kidneys
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` Project 3.4.3: The Blood/Urine Connection Introduction Water is obtained from food‚ drink‚ and from reactions that occur in the body. The kidneys process and balance the amount of water that enters your system with the amount that is released. The digestive system helps rid the body of solid wastes‚ but some of the wastes in the blood are the remnants of the digestion of food products. For example‚ when amino acids are broken down by the body‚ ammonia (NH3) is formed. This product is so
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Chronic Kidney Disease Eileen Daza-Gallego The Center for Allied Health Nursing Education Abstract An estimated 26 million adults in the United States have Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Persons with CKD are unlikely to be aware of their disease and seek appropriate treatment before it is too late. Among those that have the disease‚ a large majority of them are obese and are suffering from diabetes or hypertension or both. The majority of the individuals with hypertension and/or diabetes will
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* What is happening to Ms. Jones’s kidneys‚ and why is it causing the observed symptom? Mrs. Jones’ kidneys are impaired. The kidneys regulate their own blood flow as well as GFR. When the kidneys become hypoperfused in Mrs. Jones case‚ narrowing of the renal arteries‚ and vessels in the kidneys dilate with the help of prostoglandims to facilitate the flow. * What other symptoms and signs might occur? * The most common symptom is less urine output‚ but in Mrs. Jones case she may
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Diet For Renal Patient Fluid & Fluid Control Kidneys help control the amount of fluid that leaves your body. If your kidney disease progresses‚ your kidneys may be unable to regulate the removal of fluid from your body and as a result your doctor may ask you to limit your fluid intake. Too much fluid may cause swelling‚ shortness of breath‚ or high blood pressure. What exactly is a fluid? Fluids are any food that is liquid or anything that melts into a liquid. Examples of fluids include the
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Laboratory Report on Urine Examination Introduction: When testing urine the test results may provide information regarding the status of carbohydrate metabolism and kidney function. The kidney glomeruli act as ultrafilters for the plasma protein; however as much as 150 mg/dl of protein may normally be excreted into the urine. In glomerular proteinuria‚ an increase in glomerular permeability occurs‚ resulting in an increase of urine proteins. High urine protein concentration therefore may indicate
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Kidney stones can be formed due to changes in the normal balance of water‚ salts‚ and minerals in the urine. Sometimes minerals in urine mutually attached and form a small Kidney stone. Its size varies‚ ranging from the size of sugar crystals until the ping-pong ball. The difference of mineral composition changes also result in kidney stones. In General‚ most kidney stones rarely realized until it causes blockage in the urinary tract. These conditions will cause pain radiating from the front of
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The kidneys‚ each about the size of a fist‚ play three major roles: removing waste products from the body‚ keeping toxins from building up in the bloodstream producing hormones that control other body functions‚ such as regulating blood pressure and producing red blood cells regulating the levels of minerals or electrolytes(e.g.‚ sodium‚ calcium‚ and potassium) and fluid in the body After the blood has circulated through the body‚ it passes into the kidneys. The kidneys filter waste products
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urea or uric acid. Osmolarity is controlled by selective reabsorption/secretion. C 5 types of excretory systems: None in porifera‚ cnidaria Protonephridia in planaria & rotifers Metanephridia in annelids Malpighian tubules in terrestrial arthropods Kidneys (with nephrons) in vertebrates Protonephridia Have flame bulbs‚ tubules‚ and nephridopores. C Flame bulbs selectively filter body fluid to nitrogenous waste. C Fluid collects in tubules and drips outside through the nephridopore. Metanephridia
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