Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy Lecture Notes - Skeletal System II (Skull) The Vertebrate Skull consists of: 1 - neurocranium (also called endocranium or primary braincase) 2 - dermatocranium (membrane bones) 3 - splanchnocranium (or visceral skeleton) Neurocranium: 1 - protects the brain 2 - begins as cartilage that is partly or entirely replaced by bone (except in cartilaginous fishes) Cartilaginous stage: neurocranium begins as pair of parachordal & prechordal cartilages below the
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cardiac action potential differs significantly in different portions of the heart. The heart is provided with a special excitatory system and a contractile system necessary to perform this function. This differentiation of the action potentials allows the different electrical characteristics of the different portions of the heart. For instance‚ the specialized excitatory system of the heart has the special property of depolarizing without any external influence with a slow‚ positive increase in voltage
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Introduction (UTI) a urinary tract infection is an infection in any part of urinary system ; kidneys‚ ureters‚ bladder and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra. However‚ serious consequences can occur if a UTI spreads to kidneys. So in my literature review I am going to talk about preventing urinary tract infection. Summary I chose this article because the urinary tract infection is common among people especially the women are most infected
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CHAPTER 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY OBJECTIVES 1. Define the terms anatomy and physiology‚ and explain their relationship using an example of a human structure with its corresponding function. 2. List‚ in order from least to most complex‚ the levels of structural organization‚ discuss the relationship between the levels‚ and name an example at each level. 3. List the 11 organ systems of the human organism‚ name the major organs within each‚ and give a general
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Chapter 1: Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology I. Introduction A. The interests of our earliest ancestors most likely concerned injuries and illness because healthy bodies demand little attention from their owners. B. Primitive people certainly suffered from occasional aches and pains‚ injuries‚ bleeding‚ broken bones‚ and diseases. C. Before agriculture‚ infectious diseases did not spread easily because isolated bands of people had little contact with each other. D. With agriculture
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This essay will outline the functions of the main cell components‚ these consist of the nucleus‚ nuclear membrane‚ mitochondria‚ lysosomes‚ Golgi apparatus‚ cell membrane‚ ribosomes‚ cytoplasm and endoplasmic reticulum both rough and smooth. Images: [3] Every human body has billions of microscopic units called cells. Cells carry out numerous of chemical reactions and processes that make up the essence of life. The structure of cells varies in size and shape and has different functions. There
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WEEK 1: AN INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY 1. Anatomy is the study of the structure and shape of body and parts‚ while physiology is the study of how the body work and function‚ their relationship is seen for example in the heart‚ there are two valves (anatomy) and these two valves help the heart pump blood. 2. The atom is the smallest particle of an element. An example is carbon ( C ) which is the building block of life. A group of atoms could form for example‚ a water molecule
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1. Name the circulatory system that carries blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart. Correct: pulmonary circulation 2. Name the circulatory system that provides blood to the tissues in the body. Correct: systemic circulation 1. Name the structure that is a double fold of peritoneum between the lesser curvature of the stomach and liver. Correct: Lesser omentum 2. Name the structure that is a double fold of peritoneum and holds the colon to the abdominal wall.
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book on the human body‚ and the English anatomist William Harvey (1578-1657) discovered how blood circulates through the body. These are just a few of the many contributors who added to our understanding of the human body and how it functions. Anatomy is the study of the structure or morphology of the body and how the body parts are organized. | | | Physiology is the study of the functions of body parts‚ what they do and how they do it. These two areas of the organization of the body are
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What genetic mutations produce the greatest risk of skin cancer? Cancer begins when one or more genes in a cell mutate. This either creates an abnormal protein or no protein at all‚ which causes mutated cells to multiply uncontrollably. The Most common gene to carry skin cancer would be the MC1R (melanocortin-1 receptor). Increasing evidence is showing that the greater number of variations in this gene‚ the greater the risk for melanoma. It also carries a more moderate risk that the CDKN2A mutation
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