The biological and psychoanalytical perspectives in psychology both provide an interesting insight into the various ways we as humans behave. The biological perspective focuses on biological factors‚ such as neurotransmitters and genes which affect our behaviour. The approach believes that our behaviour is identified through an underlying structure and function known as structuralism. Functionalism is the other concept the biological perspective focuses on which studies behaviour between the environment
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What is Psychoanalysis? Psychoanalysis is a psychological theory developed in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by Austrian neurologist Sigmund Freud. Psychoanalysis has expanded‚ been criticized and developed in different directions‚ mostly by some of Freud’s former students‚ such as Carl Gustav Jung and Jacques Lacan. The basic tenets of psychoanalysis include the following: *human behavior‚ experience and cognition are largely determined by innate and irrational drives; those drives
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Sophocles portrays the Freudian theory‚ the Oedipal complex‚ in his tragedy‚ Oedipus Rex; through his use of symbolism he is able to establish the role of the id‚ ego and superego to obscure the meaning of Oedipus’s existence ;while reaviling it at the same time. The nature of fate vs. free will is complex and mysterious in Oedipus. However‚ it is by the God‚ Apollo; that is revealed to the reader that Oedipus will carry out with the tragedies that will unfold the play. Oedipus ignorance towards
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However‚ human personality is hidden in the individual’s unconsciousness. Moreover‚ he states that the individual’s ego is connected with the real anxiety while the id is connected with neurotic anxiety and the individual’s superego with his moral anxiety. Two last anxieties can be explained by the conflict which took place during one of the psychosexual stages‚ in the childhood. Sometimes‚ the above mentioned anxieties are repressed into the individual’s unconsciousness as
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April 19‚ 2012 Brave New Comparisons Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World bears several similarities to Thomas More’s Utopia and George Orwell’s 1984. Brave New World and 1984‚ governments seize control of citizen’s personal liberties‚ such as freedom. Both plots feature a character recognizing the growing control of the government force‚ trying to escape the clutches of the government officials. While Brave New World and 1984 are similar in plot‚ they do differ slightly. For example‚ 1984 demonstrates
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Alfred Hitchcock was one of the most outstanding filmmakers of the 20th century. He was born in 1899 in Leytonstone‚ East London. In 1920‚ Hitchcock obtained a full-time job designing film titles. While working‚ he endeavored to learn as much as he could about the film business. Within 3 years of starting his job at the studio‚ Hitchcock became an assistant director and‚ in 1925‚ a director. In a career spanning six decades‚ Hitchcock made 53 films‚ the best of which are at once suspenseful‚ exciting
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“The Gothic‚ through the motif of the double explores the struggle between the good and evil within man” To what extent are Poe’s short stories‚ Coleridge’s Christabel and R.L Stevenson’s Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde explorations of the duality of man. The gothic‚ as a fictional genre‚ came about as a result of cultural changes in the eighteenth century; these cultural changes began to form through the renaissance. This transitional period between the Medieval Era and the modern world changed the way
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every personality has an unconscious component and that childhood experiences‚ even if not consciously recalled‚ continue to influence people’s behaviours. The psychoanalytic theory states that a personality has three parts – the id‚ the ego‚ and the superego which serve to regulate instinctual energies and shapes our personalities. The dynamic unconscious is populated by anxiety-provoking drives ideas which have been exiled from conscious awareness by psychological defence mechanisms such as repression
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Anxiety is defined as apprehension‚ dread‚ or uneasiness similar to fear but based on an unclear threat. There are several perspectives as to the cause of anxiety. Some of these are behavioral‚ psychoanalytic/psychodynamic‚ biological‚ and cognitive. Behaviorists believe that anxiety is a learned behavior. The belief is that anxiety attacks may reflect conditioned emotional responses that generalize to new situations. This perspective advocates the use of behavior therapy. This therapy uses learning
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experimental research. Which approach is more useful for determining causality? Why? What is "electicism"? What are some reasons this approach has value? Chapter 2-3 Explain the functions of the id‚ superego‚ and the ego What is intrapsychic conflict? Describe the roles of the id‚ the ego‚ and the superego in this conflict. What is the purpose of defense mechanisms? List three defense mechanisms‚ and give an example of each. Summarize and discuss Freud’s theory of the personality differences between
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