1. HISTORY -The word ’history’ is derived from the Greek noun ’historia’ meaning ’inquiry or research‚ knowledge acquired by investigation. -Learning by inquiry about the past of mankind was later developed into a discipline by the Greek historians Thucydides and Heredeotus (who is popularly known as ’Father of History’. PHILIPPINE HISTORY Philippine history‚ many argue‚ did not begin with the coming of the Portuguese explorer‚ Ferdinand Magellan in 1521. Rather‚ it began in the 13th century
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TEODORO Agoncillo once chided me for asking too many what-if questions in history‚ ?Why concern yourself with what did not happen‚ when just reconstructing what happened is already a big challenge.? I have never given up on the what-ifs because often what did not happen can be more engaging than what actually happened. Take for example‚ the debate over the cause of Napoleon?s death that textbooks set down as stomach cancer. There were forensic doctors who examined strands of Napoleon?s hair and
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On April 25‚ 1898 the United States of America declared war on Spain immediately after the sinking of the Battleship Maine in Havana harbor on February 15‚ 1898. This was the start of the Spanish American War; the war ended a few months later with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10‚ 1898. As a result Spain lost its control over the remains of its overseas empire which included Cuba‚ Puerto Rico‚ the Philippines Islands‚ Guam‚ and a few other islands. Beginning in 1492‚ Spain was the
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my position regarding Andres Bonifacio and the wrong portrayals about him (that popular notion that he was poor‚ uneducated‚ etc.) In fact‚ history attests that Mabini was poorer than Bonifacio. While Bonifacio did not finish school‚ he self-studied‚ reading the Rizalian novels‚ the French work Le Juif Errant‚ and yes‚ even the Les Miserables of Victor Hugo (the book was found in his workplace at Fressel and Co. when the Katipunan was found out.) That is why in seeing Bonifacio and Aguinaldo‚ one must
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become a strong public figure. He surely has touched the hearts of the Filipinos which made him become an “epitome” of Filipino Nationalism. But why is he the selected one to represent the Filipinos? I have read some articles about the Rizal VS Bonifacio issue over which is fit for the description of being a National Hero. They said that Rizal is an American-sponsored hero wherein he promoted a peaceful and intellectual way to revolt against that maltreatment of the
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treatment in Filipino on that period and that is the reason of the rebellions between Filipino and Spaniards. Even in school‚ it was felt by Rizal and other Filipino students. Many Filipinos were suffered. They were the servant of the Spaniards. Andres Bonifacio‚ Aguinaldo Jacinto and the other members of the “Katipunan” led the “himagsikan” for the independence of our beloved nation. Unfortunately‚ for the several battles we were lost. Tandang Sora takes part in giving first aid for those who injured
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government. Andrés Bonifacio oversees the Tejeros Convention‚ which elects Aguinaldo as president‚ Mariano Trías as vice-president‚ and himself as interior minister. He storms out of the convention when Daniel Tirona objects to his election. Aguinaldo’s brother Crispulo informs him of his accession and convinces him to leave his troops just as he was seeking to defend against the Spaniards at Pasong Santol. The rebels are defeated and Crispulo is killed. Meanwhile‚ an embittered Bonifacio establishes
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with the Katipunan as their honorary president and was therefore considered as the soul of the Philippine Revolution. 3. RIZAL FOR THE ELITE AND BONIFACIO FOR THE MASSES Jose Rizal belonged to an upper middle class family and was an ilustrado who spent many years in Europe. He was‚ therefore‚ perceived to be a leader of the elites while Andres Bonifacio as the hero of the masses. 4. RIZAL’S ALLEGED ALIENATION FROM HIS PEOPLE AND FROM THE FILIPINO CULTURE. Rizal spent the best time of his adult
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Good n i n e v E g The Propaganda Movement Propaganda Movement -peaceful crusade or campaign for reforms. It was organized and participated by the illustrados. Dr. Jose Rizal‚ Marcelo H. del Pilar and Graciano Lopez Jaena are the leaders of the said movement. Rise of the Propaganda Movement It began in 1872‚ when Fathers Mariano Gomez‚ Jose Burgos‚ and Jacinto Zamora (all Filipino Priests) were executed by Spanish colonizers. The Filipino exiles of 1872 and many patriotic students
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Although they were not the first Europeans in the Philippines‚ the first well documented arrival of western Europeans in the archipelago was the Spanish expedition led by Portuguese Ferdinand Magellan‚ which first sighted the mountains of Samar at dawn on 16 March 1521 (Spanish calendar)‚ making landfall the following day at the small‚ uninhabited island of Homonhon at the mouth of the Leyte Gulf.[1] Magellan had abandoned his Portuguese citizenship and became a Spanish subject prior to his contract
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