------------------------------------------------- Water and Electrolytes Water constitutes 50-55% of a woman’s body weight and 55-60% of man’s weight. Water gives structure and form to the body‚ helps maintain body temperature‚ and also creates the necessary environment for cell metabolism. There are two compartments of body water‚ extracellular and intracellular fluid. Extracellular fluid (ECF) is water found outside of cells. Making up approximately 20% of total body weight‚ the ECF consists
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Learning Outcomes Safe and Effective Care Environment 1 Assess the patient with a fluid or electrolyte imbalance for falls‚ especially older adults. 2 Use safety precautions to prevent injury or death when administering parenteral potassium-containing solutions. 3 Supervise the oral fluid therapy and intake and output measurement aspects of care delegated to unlicensed assistive personnel. Health Promotion and Maintenance 4 Teach healthy adults and patients how to prevent dehydration.
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shown to have a minimal effect on glucose control. Other treatments that have been studied but have not been effective for example treatments of IR‚ drugs that induce weight loss‚ statins‚ cytoprotective agents and antioxidants‚ and blocker angiotensin receptor
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Symbicort - Budesonide and Formoterol Beta2 Agonist‚ Corticosteroid‚ Inhalant (Oral) Formoterol relaxes bronchial smooth muscle by selective action on beta2 receptors with little effect on heart rate. Formoterol has a long-acting effect. Budesonide is a corticosteroid which controls the rate of protein synthesis‚ depresses the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes/fibroblasts‚ and reverses capillary permeability and lysosomal stabilization at the cellular level to prevent or control inflammation
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2. Literature review This chapter reviews the literature on hypertension and hyperlipidaemia and their relation to risk factors including age‚ gender‚ genetics‚ diet and weight‚ alcohol‚ smoking‚ lack of activity and co-morbidity. It also examines mediating factors including economic factors‚ stress/personality‚ medications‚ lifestyle modifications and complementary therapies including foot reflexology and foot massage. Finally‚ it reviews outcomes (quality of life) including physiological‚ psychological
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Definition Congenital adrenal hyperplasia can affect both boys and girls. People with congenital adrenal hyperplasia lack an enzyme needed by the adrenal gland to make the hormones cortisol and aldosterone. Without these hormones‚ the body produces more androgen‚ a type of male sex hormone. This causes male characteristics to appear early (or inappropriately). About 1 in 10‚000 to 18‚000 children are born with congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Signs and Symptoms Girls will usually have normal
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nueurohormaonal mechanisms stimulate. Epinephrine and Norepinephrine are released by the sympathetic nervous system. After the heart begins to have a decrease in renal perfusion there is a release in renin then the formation of angiotensin I. This is then converted into angiotensin II which makes the blood vessels constrict and activated the release of
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Kidney From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation‚ search For other uses‚ see Kidney (disambiguation). Kidney | | Human kidneys viewed from behind with spine removed | Latin | Ren (Greek: nephros) | Artery | renal artery | Vein | renal vein | Nerve | renal plexus | The kidneys are organs that serve several essential regulatory roles in most animals‚ including vertebrates and some invertebrates. They are essential in the urinary system and also serve homeostatic functions such
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Immunohistochemistry or IHC refers to the process of detecting antigens (e.g.‚ proteins) in cells of a tissue section by exploiting the principle of antibodies binding specifically to antigens in biological tissues.[1] IHC takes its name from the roots "immuno‚" in reference to antibodies used in the procedure‚ and "histo‚" meaning tissue (compare to immunocytochemistry). Immunohistochemical staining is widely used in the diagnosis of abnormal cells such as those found in cancerous tumors. A video
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Nursing Care: Congestive Heart Failure Beverly Baum‚ Chrysten Brown and Christina Bhowanidan Herzing University Nursing Care: Congestive Heart Failure The general population is living longer than ever before. The Federal Interagency on Aging-Related Statistics (2012) states “The number of older people will increase dramatically during 2010-2030 period. The older population in 2030 is projected to be twice as large as their counterparts in 2000‚ growing from 35 million to 72 million and
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