Engineering Failure Analysis 12 (2005) 720–745 www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanal Best practice for the assessment of defects in pipelines – gouges and dents K.A. Macdonald b a‚* ‚ A. Cosham b a University of Stavanger‚ 4036 Stavanger‚ Norway Penspen Integrity‚ Newcastle Business Park‚ Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 7YL‚ UK Received 12 July 2004; accepted 13 December 2004 Available online 13 April 2005 Abstract Oil and gas transmission pipelines have a good safety record and
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WT:_204_____ HT:___5’10”_ Medical Diagnosis/Research of Medical Diagnosis: A vertebral compression fracture is a fracture that can happen when the bones of the spine break due to trauma‚ but it can also be caused by osteoporosis‚ cancer‚ and other conditions. Symptoms include pain‚ weakness‚ tingling‚ incontinence‚ and more. Many tests can diagnose a vertebral compression fracture. Treatment involves back braces‚ rest‚ exercise‚ and sometimes medications‚ surgery‚ and hospital care. (Web
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Hypophosphatasia is one of many disorders that resemble oseogenisis imperfecta‚ also known as “Brittle Bone Disease”. A mutation in the gene that codes for tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase‚ or ALP‚ is believed to be the cause. That is the central hostile regulator for bone mineralization. The patient who has Hypophosphatasia receives one defective gene from each parent. (Hypophosphatasia‚ eMedicine) Males‚ females‚ and all races are equally affected. Incidence has been rated
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the bone density and the quality of the bone is reduced in individuals‚ which leads to a higher risk of fractures. Osteoporosis in women and the elderly the cause more serious issues which makes them frail and more likely to become injured. There are nearly 9 million incidents reported annually of fractures that are directly related to Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis accounts for 70-80% of all fractures sustained by women suffering from it. This makes osteoporosis a significant concern in regards to global
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But‚ general symptoms will be noticed in all the forms. They include a reduction in the blood cells‚ bone fracture and breakage‚ vision impairment‚ hearing loss and dental issues relating to infection. Apart from these‚ an increase in the bone density‚ brittle bones‚ easy bone fractures are other symptoms. In fact‚ bone pain and fracture are the commonest symptoms. Causes of osteopetrosis Osteopetrosis is the condition which develops when there is a mutation in one or
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for fractures are in the hip‚ back‚ and wrist (Christodoulou & Cooper). Because the age range of of those with the greatest risk of developing osteoporosis are the elders‚ complications often arise when preforming the surgeries needed to fix the fractures. In some cases‚ these complications can lead to death (What Is Osteoporosis?). Progression is slow and can often go unnoticed until things go from bad to worse with one incident. Life-style changes can help diminish the frequency of fractures. Prevention
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The Day I broke my ankle Several years ago‚ I fell down the stairs and broke my ankle. I had never broken a bone before or been to the emergency room. It was a very scary and painful experience. I will never forget it and hope I never have another experience like it. This is how it happened. I went out the door of my house and was on my way to work. There is a walkway and a short stairway with four or five steps between my door and the sidewalk. I remember that I was wearing a new pair
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collapsed vertebrae. • Loss of height over time. • A kyphotic posture. • A bone fracture that occurs much more easily than expected. Osteoporosis occurs in many people who have few or no risk factors for this condition. Often‚ patients do not report symptoms that would alert the clinician to suspect a diagnosis of osteoporosis; thus‚ this disease is a "silent thief" that generally does not become clinically apparent until a fracture occurs. Screening at-risk populations is‚ therefore‚ essential; unfortunately
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ONE (and only one) particular assessment test that would help with diagnosis of that injury and the rationale behind it. The fractured clavicle in the newborn is “the most frequently fractured bone during birth” (Jarvis‚ 2012). At times‚ these fractures can be difficult to diagnose because it is often asymptomatic. One assessment test used is palpation over the clavicular area. While palpating‚ the nurse is comparing both sides of the clavicle length and feeling for localized edema and crepitus
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In this piece of work‚ I shall aim at a critical review of literature relating to reducing a fall in order people with a mental health problem. I shall critically analyse the strengths and weakness of the various strategies that have been used such as a complementary therapy in reducing falls in older people with dementia. In this assignment‚ I shall reflect upon my experience from my practice placement‚ where I was involved in the reduction of fall as a therapeutic intervention in order to minimise
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