Background Research Scanning Tunneling Microscope; or STM‚ allows scientists to image or display crystalline material surfaces down to an atomic level. Basically; it shows the formation of surface atoms on conducting and semi-conducting materials such as metals‚ or metalloids. First invented by Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer in 1981; the Scanning Tunneling Microscope used quantum tunneling to extract atomically resolved images to understand the morphology of crystalline surfaces including both
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galvanized nail and a copper coin‚ into an ion bridge (for example a lemon‚ a potato or paper soaked in salt water or acid). The copper coin serves as the positive electrode or cathode and the galvanized nail as the electron-producing negative electrode or anode. These two objects work as electrodes‚ causing anelectrochemical reaction which generates a small potential difference. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would like to thank Wikipedia‚ Google and our parents for the information and for the financial assistance
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Sir J.J.THOMSOM is to physics what electron is to an atom. He charged the world of physics with his discoveries and gave momentum to atomic physics. Physics is what today because of this British scientist who is regarded as the greatest experimental physicists of this century. A bookseller’s son‚ Thomsom studied at the Owens College and later at the Manchester University. He wanted to become an engineer‚ but his father’s death in 1872 forced him to study Mathematics‚ Physics and Chemistry as he
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Direct energy conversion system Direct energy conversion systems that could operate in the 100-700°C temperature range with high efficiencies (>30%) provide an attractive compact alternative to internal combustion engines for many military applications. They will also expand the possibilities for waste heat recovery applications. The core of the solution we are proposing is a metal/semiconductor nanocomposite that will allow us to modify four intrinsic material properties in order to fabricate
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Final Year Project Report SOLAR WATER HEATER AND HOUSE HEATING SYSTEM BE Electronics Engineering Submitted by Muhammad Hasnian 12674 Wazir Kamran Shabbir 12677 Shujaat Ali 13071 Amjad Ali 9568 Project Advisor Dr.Abid Karim September‚ 2013 Faculty of Engineering
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areas on an X-ray image. The parts of your body that are made of softer material‚ such as your heart and lungs‚ show up as darker areas. X-rays are manufactured by an x-ray machine. A hot cathode emits electrons that are attracted to a tungsten anode. When the fast-moving electrons hit the metal target‚ most of their kinetic energy is transferred to heat but some is transferred to x-rays. This machine allows the energy and intensity of the x-rays to be controlled. Gamma rays‚ on the other hand
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into the filter funnel that has already been set up for you. Rinse both tubes and return to the test tube holder. Leave all items as you found them at your station. The data we recorded was that bubbles formed on pencil led‚ and one of the batteries anodes turned slightly yellow. The reaction was H20- 2H (g) + O2. The next station was at number four. The procedure was to hook one mechanical pencil lead to each of the
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SYLLABUS FOR ENTRANCE TEST 2012 UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES LAHORE‚ PAKISTAN STRUCTURE OF ENTRANCE TEST PAPER 2012 Sr.# Subject No. of Questions 1. PHYSICS 44 2. CHEMISTRY 58 3. ENGLISH 30 4. BIOLOGY 88 TOTAL 220 CONTENTS PHYSICS Syllabus TOS Self Test Questions CHEMISTRY Syllabus TOS Self Test Questions ENGLISH Syllabus Self Test Questions BIOLOGY Syllabus TOS Self Test Questions PAGE# 1-5 6 7-9 10-21 22 23-28 29-34 35-36 37-44 45 46-51 PHYSICS
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MEANING OF PROJECT Project means a complete scheme which consist of detailed technical report‚ design‚ drawing notes‚ specification‚‚ estimate circuit. The project give full detail of all the work required for the structural and financial aspect. The word project consist seven alphabet and every alphabet has importance itself which is given below : P→ PLANING R→RESOURCE O→OPERATION
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Summary Single layer graphene and few layer graphene as recently shown to have numerous scientific and technological breakthroughs having novel nano device application. Develop graphene sheet (GS) used for different applications. It can be utilized for mobile applications‚ solar cells‚ combine with storage material and organic light emitting diode. Introduction and Background Graphene based companies are emerging as new class of materials that are having several applications
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