Section A Briefly outline and highlight the contribution of Merton’s strain theory to criminology. Robert K. Merton was an American sociologist that wrote in the 1930’s putting out his first major work in 1938 called Social Structure and Anomie. After publication‚ this piece was we worked and tweaked to counter criticisms. The importance of the time frame of which Merton initially began his work is significant‚ as during this time crime and the approach to crime was examined predominantly based
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Tutsi tribes. This event can be seen as a result of Robert Merton’s Anomie theory‚ or sometimes called strain theory. Merton’s theory “holds that crime increases – as do other forms of deviance – when the social structure prevents people from achieving culturally defined goals (e.g. Hutu bettering their lives) through legitimate means (e.g. an election). This gap between goals and means is called structural inequality or anomie”. (Tepperman 2010) The persisting structural gap that the Hutu were
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Midterm Study Guide/Sociology 102/Winter 2014 Use this outline of concepts in conjunction with the lecture outlines‚ your lecture notes‚ and the assigned reading in the Ritzer textbook to prepare for the exam. A supplemental guide including study questions for the discussion section articles will be posted in a few days. I. Structural Functionalism A. Basic Assumptions 1. Society as a consensus on values a. social structures‚ institutions‚ organizations‚ and roles all embody these common
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propaganda and symbolism‚ Ritzer says‚ McDonald’s is a potent manifestation of the rational processes that define modern society. Ritzer warns that the spread of such "rationalized systems" has had irrational consequences‚ not least of which is the "disenchantment of the world‚" a situation in which rationality takes over‚ leaving no room for the mysterious‚ unpredictable qualities that make us human. Ritzer’s scholarly work has been heavily influenced by German sociologist Max Weber‚ who feared that
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Disproportionate Minority Contact (DMC) states minorities (such as African Americans or Latinos) have a disproportionate amount of contact with the criminal justice system when compared to their white counterparts. Two perspectives that explain this disproportionality are differential offending and differential treatment. Differential offending argues there is an actual difference in offending between races; DMC is a result of minorities committing more crimes than their white counterparts (Hindelang
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Criminological theory: Past to present (4th ed.‚ pp NY: Oxford University Press Akers (1994) Agnew (2011)‚ Criminological theory: Past to present (4th ed.‚ pp. 130-142). New York‚ NY: Oxford University Press Merton (1938). Socially Structure and Anomie. In F.T. Cullen & R. Agnew (2011)‚ Criminological theory: Past to present (4th ed.‚ pp NY: Oxford University Press Sampson and Raudenbush (1997) Agnew (2011)‚ Criminological theory: Past to present (4th ed.‚ pp. 112-117). New York‚ NY: Oxford University
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strain. Norms weaken and ‘anomie’ ensues‚ thus creating high crime rates. When otheant. When such an institutional imbalance exists—as in the United States—then crime rates are very high. Glueck & Glueck Mednick Caspi Moffitt Shaw & McKay Sampson Bursik & Grasmick Positivist Individual Trait Social Disorganization Differential Association Social Learning Subcultural Sutherland & Cressey Sykes & Matza Akers Wolfgang & Ferracuti Anderson Anomie Institutional-Anomie Merton Messner & Rosenfeld
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applicable when applied to organized crime and the criminal behavior. The theories include‚ Alien conspiracy‚ Social Control‚ Albanese’s Theory of Typologies‚ Sutherland’s Theory of Differential Association‚ Durkheim and Morton’s Strain Theory and Anomie‚ Beccaria and Lombroso’s Classical Theory‚ and Biological Theories. Social Organized Crime Social institution is an individual or group of individuals with power and money who create
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Darwinism * Survival of the fittest * Durkheim’s Theories: * Solidarity holds society together * Mechanical (traditional) * Organic (modernity) * Key Concepts: * Collective conscience * Anomie: * State of normlessness * Times of change * People don’t know how to act * Parsons’ Theories: * Functional imperatives for social system to operate * Merton’s Theories: * Manifest
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offenders in the St. Louis area and gaining inside knowledge of these criminals’ daily lives and their crimes. This paper will address anomie and bond theories and how it relates to the offenders in this study and the socialization of these subjects into criminality and the street culture in which they live. Conventional Goals? According to Robert Merton’s anomie theory‚ people are not born criminals; they conform to the environment in which they live. Conventional means of reaching a goal are
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