neurons and on neurons of the sensory and enteric nervous system. In the CNS‚ the 5-HT3 receptor has been localized in the area postrema‚ nucleus tractus solitarii‚ nucleus vaudatus‚ nucleus accumbens‚ amygdala‚ hippocampus‚ entorhinal‚ frontal‚ cingulate cortex‚ and in the dorsal horn ganglia. Further extraneuronal locations include among others lymphocytes‚ monocytes‚ and foetal tissue. 5-HT3 receptors modulate the release of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides like dopamine‚ cholecystokinin‚ acetylcholine
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In class were briefly touched on the subject of mirror neurons‚ which are neurons that fire when an animal acts or observes the same action done by another. We learned that these neurons exist primarily in the ventral premotor cortex F5 areas of a monkey’s brain. Experiments proved that neurons in the VPC F5 area fire when a monkey does an action‚ but also fire when a monkey watches a human do the same action. However‚ when the monkey watches the human just carry out the motions of the action‚ not
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PARTS: a) Lateral hypothalamic nucleus (hunger) b) ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (satiety) *Hyperphagia- damage to VMHN *Hypophagia-damage to LHN 4. Subthalamus a.k.a. prethalamus forms part of extrapyramidal system CEREBRAL CORTEX (telencephalon/cerebrum) largest part of the brain higher brain functions GM (cell bodies) outside WM (fiber tracts inside) 2 hemisphere‚ 4 lobes FUNCTIONS: Left Right
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water slow-diffusing component in the central nervous system using q-space diffusion MRS: implications for fiber tract imaging. Magnetic Resonance In Medicine‚ 43(2)‚ 191-199. Barch‚ D. M.‚ Braver‚ T. S.‚ Sabb‚ F. W.‚ & Noll‚ D. C. (2000). Anterior cingulate and the monitoriing of response conflict: evidence from an fMRI study of overt verb generation. Journal of Coginitive Neuroscience‚ 12(2)‚ 298-309. Basser‚ P. J.‚ Pajevic‚ S.‚ Pierpaoli‚ C.‚ Duda‚ J.‚ & Aldroubi‚ A. (2000). In vivo fiber tractography
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antidiuretic hormone (ADH) ~Anterior Pituitary -produces thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) -growth hormone (GH) -adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) -follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ~luteinizing hormone (LH) ~prolactin detailed info over pituitary gland ~Posterior Pituitary -Oxytocin (the natural form of pitocin) *stimulates gravid uterus *causes "let down" of milk from the breast -ADH (vasopressin) causes the kidney to retain water The Endocrine System Anterior Pituitary ~Primarily regulates
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into 20 or more bundles that penetrate the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to reach the olfactory bulbs of the cerebrum where the first synapse occurs. Axons leaving the olfactory bulb travel along the olfactory tract to reach the olfactory cortex‚ the hypothalamus‚ and portions of the limbic system. In olfaction‚ the arriving information reaches the information centers without first synapsing in the thalamus. Olfactory Discrimination The olfactory system can distinguish thousands
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Neurobiology One can argue that there are aspects of narcissism which can be construed as healthy and advantageous‚ while other aspects can be construed as unhealthy and damaging to the narcissist and the people in whom they interact. Krusemark (2012) underscored the point that those who exhibit heightened narcissistic traits generally exhibit high degrees of extraversion‚ reward focus‚ and approach motivation (taking action to bring something positive into one’s life). These skills are essential
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interesting part of the myelencephalon from a psychological perspective is the reticular formation. It is a complex network of about 100 tiny nuclei that occupies the central core of the brain stem from the posterior boundary of the myelencephalon to the anterior boundary of the midbrain. It is so named because of its netlike appearance (reticulum means "little net"). Sometimes the reticular formation is referred to as the reticular activating system because parts of it seem to play a role in arousal. The
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1. Define the terms ischemia and infarction. Ischemia- local decrease in blood supply Infarction- death & deterioration of tissue resulting from lack of blood supply. 2. What is a stroke? Name the two main types of strokes and describe the mechanism(s) by which each type occurs. Cerebrovascular Accident- condition in which brain tissue is deprived of blood supply. The most common stroke symptoms are: Numbness or weakness (paresis) of the face‚ arm‚ or leg‚ sometimes only on one side;
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the pancreas (describe condition‚ symptoms and treatment). ADRENAL GLAND __________ Total Magnification 1. Identify the adrenal cortex and the adrenal medulla. 2. What major hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex? Adrenal medulla? What are the primary effects of each hormone? 3. Describe a pathophysiological condition associated with the
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