increases platelet adhesiveness to help blood clot. Likewise‚ under stress the body aims to increase blood volume to offset any potential loss of blood volume from sweating or bleeding by increasing the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the anterior pituitary gland that re-absorbs fluid from the kidneys. However‚ without any loss of blood
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to reward value and motivation in primate frontal cortex. Science 304‚ 307–310 Cromwell‚ H.C McCoy‚ A.N. et al. (2003) Saccade reward signals in posterior cingulate cortex. Neuron 40‚ 1031–1040 Knutson‚ B O’Doherty‚ J. et al. (2001) Abstract reward and punishment representations in the human orbitofrontal cortex. Nat. Neurosci. 4‚ 95–102 Delgado‚ M.R Elliott‚ R. et al. (2003) Differential response patterns in the striatum and orbitofrontal cortex to financial reward in humans: a parametric functional
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The human brain has five divisions. They start forming in the vertebrae embryo as the tissue that eventually develops into the central nervous system. The first developments of the brain are three swellings that appear at the anterior end of a fluid filled tube. These swellings eventually become the forebrain‚ midbrain‚ and hindbrain. What happens is‚ the forebrain swelling grows into two different swellings and so does the hindbrain swelling. This is what makes up the five divisions of the brain
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Comparison of Brain Structure in Mammals‚ Amphibians‚ and Birds The brain is a complex structure in all living species‚ even though they differ greatly in mammals‚ amphibians‚ and birds. It is the most important part of the body‚ because it maintains homeostasis and assists in every function. The brain structures of the three vertebrates‚ mammals‚ amphibians‚ and birds‚ have similar features and functions. There is still a great difference in the size‚ and importance of these structures in
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are GPS cells and neurons which are better known by the researchers as “place cells”. These place cells play an important role when it comes to how an individual finds their body. Furthermore‚ it was also found that an area called the posterior cingulate cortex is what helps an individual feel their body and realize where they are
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Since‚ Phinaes life the research has been able to uncover the many miracles on how his life changed on that fatal day which changed his life forever. Phineas Gage The forebrain plays a significant part in cognitive functions. It is also the anterior and largest portion of the brain. The forebrain includes the central hemispheres‚ that includes the limbic system‚ thalamus‚ hypothalamus and the callosum. Each of the hemispheres are divided into four lobes. Frontal‚ parietal‚ occipital and
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The corpus callosum(CC) links the cerebral cortex of the left and right cerebral hemispheresand is the largest fibre pathway in thebrain. It is approximately 10cms in length and is shaped‚ like most of the supratentorial structures‚ in a gentle upwardly convex arch. The postrior portion of the corpus callosum is called thesplenium; theanteriois called thegenu(or "knee"); between the two is the "body"‚ of the corpus callosum. genu : forceps minor : connect medial and lateral surfaces of the
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associated with the eye exterior. Conjunctivitis? Inflammation of the conjunctiva. 161 6. Correctly identify each lettered structure in the diagram by writing the letter next to its name in the numbered list. a b c 1. anterior chamber 2. anterior segment 3. bipolar neurons f p 4. choroid 5. ciliary body and processes 6. ciliary muscle 7. cornea 8. dura mater 9. fovea centralis 10. ganglion cells 11. iris 12. lens 13. optic disc 14. optic nerve 15. photoreceptors 16. posterior
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most of the pituitary gland’s activities. (Outcome 13.11) 7. The posterior pituitary receives impulses from . (Outcome 13.11) 8. ___from the hypothalamus controls the anterior pituitary. (Outcome 13.11) 9. The hypophyseal portal veins are . B. Anterior Pituitary Hormones (Outcome 13.9‚ 13.10‚ 13.11) 1. Somatotropes secrete . (Outcome 13.9‚ 13.10‚ 13.11) 2. Mammotropes secrete . (Outcome 13.9‚ 13.10‚ 13
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1) The brain and spinal cord comprise the _____ nervous system. A) autonomic B) peripheral C) central D) efferent E) afferent 2) Voluntary control of skeletal muscles is provided by the _____ nervous system. A) sympathetic B) parasympathetic C) afferent D) somatic E) autonomic 3) The part of the peripheral nervous system that brings information to the central nervous system is A) motor. B) afferent. C) efferent. D) autonomic. E) somatic. 4) The myelin sheaths that surround the axons of some of the
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