Ischemic strokes occur with a complete or partial occlusion of arteries‚ which causes a region to fall below the level needed to maintain cellular function. As a result‚ cells begin to die‚ and an infarct can develop with necrosis. During an ischemic stroke‚ there is typically an inner zone of infarction‚ with an outer region of ischemia. An infarct can be prevented if the amount of collateral circulation around the ischemic area is adequate. (Chapey‚ 1994). Medical treatment usually targets
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The action of lifting an arm can seem like a thoughtless movement‚ however‚ there is complex and intricate process that goes on within the human body to make that small movement happen. It involves bones‚ muscles‚ and nerves to complete this process‚ but it would not be able to start without a certain subconscious thought beforehand. Lateral abduction of the arm is defined as raising the humerus‚ radius‚ and ulna bones to ninety degrees‚ parallel to the ground‚ with the elbow extended‚ and wrist
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separate the kidney in half. There is a thin membrane that covers the kidney. This being the renal capsule. The outer ring‚ the inner section as well as chambers are visible. Both the sheep and the pig kidney have the distinctive kidney bean shape. The cortex of the kidney is striated. The next layer is the the medulla. This area appears quite fatty. The area where the nephron and and renal arteries are located. The white section‚ in the center of the kidney is the renal pelvis. There is a hole identified
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called glomeruli and from it 2nd order nerves then pass posteriorly into olfactory tract. The olfactory tract runs inferiorly to frontal lobe and as tract reaches anterior perforated substances it divides into medial (carry axon across the medialplane of anterior commisure ) and lateral stria ( carries axon to olfactory area of cortex ) PALSY : Anosmia is defined as absence of sense of smell .it can be temporary ‚ permanent‚ progressive or congenital OPTIC NERVE ORIGIN : retina of
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Each hemisphere of the brain also has a cingulate gyrus part of the limbic system Limbic system includes cingulate gyrus‚ amygdala‚ and hippocampus Emotion‚ learning‚ and memory Cerebral cortex consists of sensory‚ motor‚ and association areas Association areas integrate sensory data into perception Motor outputs control target tissues The noradrenergic system originates from the locus coeruleus in the pons Its axons terminate through the brain disseminates noradrenaline throughout
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R E V I E W NAME ____________________________________ LAB TIME/DATE _______________________ S H E E T EXERCISE 27 Print Form Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands Gross Anatomy and Basic Function of the Endocrine Glands 1. Both the endocrine and nervous systems are major regulating systems of the body; however‚ the nervous system has been compared to an airmail delivery system and the endocrine system to the pony express. Briefly explain this comparison. The nervous system employs
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Cognitive Functioning The cerebral cortex is divided into four lobes as well as into left and right hemispheres. Martinez (2010‚ pp.237) states that‚ “The cerebral cortex is the anatomical origin of the mind’s higher-order functions—reasoning‚ intelligence‚ creativity‚ and problem-solving—as well as the coordination of sensory input and motor control that helps us relate skillfully to our environments.” By segregating each structure of the cerebral cortex a greater understanding is achieved as
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enhance the understanding of processes regarding human reasoning and decision making. The hypothesis suggests that emotion based-biasing signals are generated in the body and are integrated in higher brain sectors‚ notably the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) controlling decision making during scenarios of complexity and an uncertain outcome (Damasio‚ A.R‚ Tranel‚ D‚ Damasio‚ H‚ 1991‚ Bechara et al.‚ 2001). In addition‚ the ‘marker signals’ have an influence on the processes in terms of how
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Chapter 20- List the functions of the lymphatic vessels. The function of the lymphatic vessels‚ or lymphatic’s‚ is an elaborate system of drainage vessels that collect the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream. Describe the structure and distribution of lymphatic vessels. The lymphatic collecting vessels have the same three tunics as veins‚ but the collecting vessels are thinner walled‚ have more internal valves‚ and anastomose more. The lymphatic
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Pituitary Anterior – Located in the base of the brain attached to the hypothalamus. Growth Hormone(GH) – Stimulates an increase in size and rate of division of body cells; enhances movement of amino acids through membranes; promotes growth of long bones. Prolactin (PRL) – Sustains milk production after birth; amplifies effect of LH in males. Thyroid-stimulating Hormone (TSH) – Controls secretion of hormones from the thyroid gland. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) – Controls secretion of certain
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