Vertebrate Biology Essay Conversion Programme in the Natural Sciences Dr. Colin Stolkin & Professor P.B Gahan The Vertebrate Endocrine System in specific reference to their role in Human Menstruation‚ Ovarian and Uterine cycles Rio Summers April 2009 Word Count: 2693 The vertebrate endocrine system can be best explained as an internal body system collecting multiple organs and glands that produce and regulate hormone secretion into the bloodstream in order to control the many functions of the
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up during the surgery and is therefore rendered irrelevant. The greater ligaments such as the gastrosplenic and the gastrocolic ligaments are divided. The process helps to separate the stomach from the bowels and spleen. The blood supply in the left side of the stomach and in the left side of the vagus nerve is preserved. The surgeon examines whether hiatal hernia is present and closes the defect with sutures that are anterior or exterior to the
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Cell Fusion Introduction: The fusion of cells is a fundamental biological event that is essential for a variety of developmental and homeostatic processes. The importance of cell-cell fusion during development and disease is displayed in a variety of biological processes including‚ but not limited to‚ fertilization‚ development of tissues‚ the immune response‚ and aspects of tissue regeneration due to stem cells (Chen and Olson‚ 2005). Fertilization‚ which is the fusion of sperm and egg‚
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and fans call it Tommy John surgery‚ after the pitcher who was the first to have the surgery 29 years ago. By any designation‚ it is one of the major advancements in sports medicine in the last quarter century. Technically it is a ulnar collateral ligament replacements procedure. Pitching overhand is a particularly stressful motion; the strain it puts on a player’s joint is commonly injurious. Pitchers such as Kerry Wood‚ Matt Morris‚ John Smoltz‚ Mariano Rivera‚ Tom Gordon‚ and Eric Gagne all
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Learning Objectives for Chapter 1 AN INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY Education is for improving the lives of others and for leaving your community and world better than you found it. Marian Wright Edelman Define anatomy and physiology. -anatomy is the science of the structure and relationship of the structures. -physiology is the science of body functions (dhow it works) Describe the six levels of structural organization and give examples of each. Chemical - atoms and molecules Cellular - molecules
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Sport Injuries Fractures A bone fracture is a condition in where there is a break or crack of the bone. A bone fracture can be the result of high force impact or stress on the bone Fractures can occur in any bone in the body. There are different types of fractures for example a clean break to the bone that does not damage surrounding tissue or tear through the skin is known as a closed fracture. On the other hand‚ one that damages surrounding skin or tissue is known as an open fracture. This
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__________________________________________________________________________________ klm Question 3 (a) GCE: Biology B – BYB4 June 2002 Mark across whole of two parts in (a) to credit the following possible points (structure) Distant object Close object Cornea suspensory ligament Ciliary Body - in tension - relaxed; - converges light/refracts/bends light; - tension relaxed; - contracts; - pulled thin; Lens - allowed to become fatter/more spherical; - the more convex/fatter the lens‚ the shorter focal length (or
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ulnar collateral ligament surgery‚ is a medical procedure invented by Dr. Frank Jobe in 1974 that is usually performed on baseball layers and other athletes who injure the ulnar collateral ligament in the elbow. It was named after Los Angeles Dodgers pitcher Tommy John‚ who was the first person to undergo the procedure. For baseball players‚ this damage is mainly caused by the wearing down of the ligament through constant throwing or pitching of the baseball. Over time the ligament can wear down tremendously
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improving the performance and movement efficiency. Strength training is a sort of physical exercise using resistance to induce muscular contraction which will build the strength and anaerobic endurance. The structures involved are muscles‚ tendons‚ ligaments and bones. By training regularly with activities such as lifting weights‚ working with resistance bands or climbing stairs‚ a person is able to increase their muscular strength‚ thus improving movement efficiency and
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CHAPTER 1 Interest in the human body and how it functions probably developed when our ancestors began to think about the reasons why people became ill and died. All earlier cultures had someone designated as a healer who was responsible for finding plants and herbs that cured body disorders. This healer also was responsible for praying or invoking the assistance of past ancestors to help in the healing process. As cultures developed and science began to evolve‚ interest in and knowledge about
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