The Immune System is a very complicated thing‚ and you can simplify it by comparing it to a defense in football. In football‚ you have three lines of defense‚ just like the Immune System. There is the defensive line‚ linebackers‚ and the secondary. The defensive line is like the first layer of defense‚ the linebackers the second line of defense‚ and the defensive backs the third line of defense. Each of them have their own responsibilities‚ but work together for the same goal. They work as a team
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The purpose of this lab is to successfully infiltrate E. coli bacterial cells with a pARA-R plasmid that is antibiotic resistant and has the rfp gene‚ or red fluorescent protein. This can be verified if the E. coli obtains the characteristics of the plasmid when it enters. To start‚ three Petri plates containing agar are needed. On each plate there is a control group and a treatment group; the treatment group being the one with the plasmid. Before the plasmid is put with the E. coli‚ first the bacteria
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Introduction The purpose of this experiment is to validate the effectiveness of different types of disinfectants and antibiotics on microbes. It was hypothesized that antibiotic products work better than regular products such as soap‚ hand sanitizer etc. According to the handout that was provided in this laboratory work‚ it was believed that many of the environs occupied by individuals are exposed to different types of microbes and methods of eradicating such microbes has been studied over the years
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resistance to E.coli K12 although in the final generations both metals decreased. Introduction The aim of this experimental report is to discuss whether E.coli K12‚ over six generations could become resistant to metals and then we will refer it to antibiotic resistance. Bacteria are single celled prokaryotic organisms in the Kingdom Monera. Bacteria exist as parasites or independent free living organisms on the search for nourishment. Bacteria are very small‚ too small to be seen by the naked eye therefore
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Pharmaceutical Microbiology CLASS CODE: MP202 SARA ASHOUR Signature ……………………………….. Date ……………………………….. Total Word Count 1492 I declare that‚ except where specifically indicated‚ all the work presented in this report is my own and I am the sole author of all parts. Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an uncommon but serious systemic infection which can occur in males and females of all ages. Symptoms include fever‚ hypotension
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infections such as abscesses or cellulitis (4). The symptoms usually include redness‚ swelling‚ and pain at the site of infection. Most of these skin infections resolve without treatment‚ however‚ some infections require incision and drainage or antibiotic treatment to cure the infection. S. aureus also causes staph food poisoning which results from contaminated food (7). It yields symptoms of nausea‚ vomiting‚ diarrhea and in more severe cases‚ dehydration‚ muscle cramping‚ and changes in blood pressure
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geographically separate areas of Jordan‚ Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureus were rapidly killed. Over the 3-week incubation period‚ the number of specific types of antibiotic-producing bacteria increased‚ and high antimicrobial activity (MIC‚ ∼10 μg/ml) was observed in methanol extracts of the inoculated red soils. Antibiotic-producing microorganisms whose numbers increased during incubation included actinomycetes‚ Lysobacter spp.‚ and Bacillus spp. The actinomycetes produced actinomycin C2 and
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CLINICAL SURVEILLANCE BY ALERE ANALYTICS ................................................................. 4 Prophylaxis ............................................................................................................................. 5 Antibiotic De-escalation Support.............................................................................................. 6 IV to PO Conversion..........................................................................................................
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are exposed to too much antibiotics they could become resistant to the antivbiotic. Bacteria can mutate to become resistant in several ways. One is to deactivate the antibiotic before it reaches the inside of the bacterial cell‚ another is to pump the antibiotic out of the cell‚ yet another is to alter the protein on the bacterial cell so the antibiotic doesn’t recognise the cell and finally they can produce enzymes to destroy the antibiotic. Antibiotics Antibiotics are a type of medicine that
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in understanding different illness‚ and issues that arise in the medical field. More specifically‚ the cooperation of evolutionary biology with modern medicine has helped with understanding antibiotic resistance and susceptibility‚ spread of disease‚ and development of cancer. I will be discussing the antibiotic resistance and susceptibility of E. Coli Biofilms‚ the spread of Tuberculosis‚ and the changes in breast cancer cell DNA. These different examples are going to prove how evolution has affected
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