the clumping of particles. The word agglutination comes from the Latin agglutinare‚ meaning "to glue." This occurs in biology in three main examples: 1. The clumping of cells such as bacteria or red blood cells in the presence of an antibody. The antibody or other molecule binds multiple particles and joins them‚ creating a large complex. 2. The coalescing of small particles that are suspended in a solution; these larger masses are then (usually) precipitated. 3. An allergic reaction
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Natural Killer Cells – destroys infected autologous cells Receptors and Ligands NK Cell Receptor Antigen Ligand Direct NK Activating Receptor Various Killer Inhibitory Receptor (KIR) Various Indirect FcγR IgG (Fc)* * Leads to ADCC (antibody dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity) Armamentarium o Perforin – causes osmotic lysis o Granzymes - causes apoptosis IFNγ – released by NK Cells after activation NOTE: Items in RED were included in the Fall 2007 Midterm Accessory
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A diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory tests which show the presence of one or more abnormal circulating antibodies in the blood stream. These antibodies may be directed against any tissue in the body. The most important of these however‚ is an antibody directed against the centre or nucleus of the cells in the body‚ the so-called anti-nuclear antibody or ANA. ANAs are normally not present or present only in barely detectable quantities in healthy individuals. Thus‚ this test
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BCMB 311‚ Advanced Cell Biology‚ Fall 2012 EXAM 1 __________________________________Name True-False Questions (Write T or F next to the question‚ 1 point each) 1. A globular protein in the cytoplasm will normally be folded up in such a way that most of its non-polar sidechains are buried in the interior of the protein and most of its polar and charged side-chains are exposed on its surface. T 2. Alpha helices are stabilized by hydrogen bonds between amino acid side chains‚ whereas beta
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Thursday January 17 Mastering biology course id=MBPOLLACK01639 Life first appeared on earth about 4 billion years ago Origin of life is a hypothesis not a theory Very little oxygen in early earths atmosphere Spontaneous generation of life- random formation of life Millions of species on earth‚ up to 100 million the expirement of miller and urey showed what? test question a few centuries ago: people thought that new living things appeared all of the time(spontaneous generation of life)
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Blood Components Normally‚ 7-8% of human body weight is from blood. In adults‚ this amounts to 4.5-6 quarts of blood. This essential fluid carries out the critical functions of transporting oxygen and nutrients to our cells and getting rid of carbon dioxide‚ ammonia‚ and other waste products. In addition‚ it plays a vital role in our immune system and in maintaining a relatively constant body temperature. Blood is a highly specialized tissue composed of more than 4‚000 different kinds of
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white blood cells fight disease by producing antibodies and thus destroying foreign materia. The platelets help the blood to clot‚ if you get a wound for example. The plasma contains salts and various kinds of proteins. 2. What antigens and antibodies determine blood type? What are the antigens made of? The antigens and antibodies that determine the blood type are the A and B antigens‚ the Rh antigens‚ the A and B antibodies and the Rh antibodies. A and B antigens are sugars and the Rh antigens
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purpose of this exercise is to gain knowledge and become familiar with the components of blood and blood cells. In order to do this‚ a prepared slide as well as a slide using my own blood were used. The different types of cells along with antigen-antibody reactions of the ABO and Rh blood groups were understood by examining and identifying the reactions of my blood with the reagents. The safety concerns associated with this exercise are properly handling and using the microscope so as not to
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is a very unique and important person in the medical world. He is one of the most punctual donors alive‚ and has changed the world for many. James Harrison is an extremely rare and matchless case. He is one of the few people alive that have the antibodies for Rh Incompatibility in their blood‚ or other wise plasma. There are only fifty other people know in Australia to have this rarity flowing in their blood (Bresnahan). Harrison has broken world records for donating. He has saved two-point-four
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that consist of: * 91% Water * 7% Protein * 2% Others (Ions‚nutrients) Plasma contains dissolved proteins. * Albumin – makes of 58% of the plasma protein. Important contribution in Osmotic Pressure. * Globulin – 38%. These are antibodies; has clotting factors. * Fibrinogen – 4%. Activation of clotting factors converts fibrinogen to fibrin‚ a threadlike protein that forms blood clots. Serum is plasma w/o clotting factors. Formed Elements * Red blood cells or erythrocytes
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