NEUTROPHILS & MACROPHAGES: Neutrophils & Macrophages play the main role in (SEEK AND DESTROY) the invading agents (microbes‚viruses and other injurious agents) NEUTROPHILS are mature cells that can SEEK AND DESTROY agents even in BLOOD ‚ MACROPHAGES begin their life as immature cells in blood called monocytes ‚ when they enter the tissues they swell and become mature and named MACROPHAGES which are extremely capable of SEEK AND DESTROY intratissue injurious agents. White Blood Cells Enter the
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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune heterogenous disease‚ meaning it is caused by many genes and alleles and variations of those genes. According to the Journal of Rare Diseases‚SLE is characterized by the presence of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens (1). An estimated 1 per 1000 individuals are affected overall‚ qualifying SLE as a rare disease. Females are more affected at a female to male ratio of 10:1. Researchers believe that‚ as many females become susceptible during pregnancy
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Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease that can cause swelling‚ stiffness and pain of joints‚ primarily in an individual’s small joints in their hands and feet. An autoimmune disease is the result of antibodies from a person’s immune system attacking their own healthy cells. Many autoimmune diseases act in various different manners and one of the rare similarities is the ability to clinically diagnose a disease based on the presence of autoantibodies in a serum. When these autoantibodies begin
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Mark Scheme – General Certificate of Education (A-level) Human Biology – Unit 1: The Body and its Diseases – January 2012 3 Question Marking Guidance Mark Comments 1(a) Phospholipid/lipid/bilayer; 1 1(b)(i) Protein; 1 1(b)(ii) 2 possible functions;; e.g. carrier; channel; 2 Allow named examples‚ e.g. facilitated diffusion‚ active transport Accept transport of two substances of ion/molecular size 1(c) Mitochondrion/mitochondria; 1 Mark Scheme – General Certificate of Education
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Pathogenesis of Glomerular Diseases PBL Resource Session Prof.J.Jose‚M.D. Diseases of kidney-classification Classified into those that affect the following 4 compartments: each one has distinct manifestations Glomeruli Tubules‚ Interstitium Blood vessels Disease of one compartment will eventually affect the entire structure. Clinical manifestations of renal diseases 1.Nephritic syndrome ("nephritis") Indicates acute inflammation of glomeruli hematuria
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Anatomy study guide Final 2k14 Endocrine system: Function: releases hormones‚ regulates long term metabolic process and shares some function with the nervous system Hormones: chemical “messengers” that act on target cells Hormones: Growth hormone (GH): they increase cell growth and replication by increasing protein synthesis‚ interior pituitary Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH): development of follicle (females) stimulation of sperm maturation (males)‚ interior pituitary Cortisol: accelerate
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Remember/Understand Section: 18.2 Erythrocytes Topic: Cardiovascular System 7. A person develops anti-A antibodies only after he is exposed to antigen A‚ and anti-B antibodies only after he is exposed to antigen B. Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Section: 18.3 Blood Types Topic: Cardiovascular System 8. Incompatibility of one person’s blood with another results from the action of plasma antibodies against the RBCs’ antigens. Difficulty Level: Remember/Understand Section: 18.3 Blood
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Axia College Material Appendix C Immune Response and Hypersensitivity Puncture Wound Multimedia Activity After completing the Puncture Wound Multimedia Activity‚ complete the table below. List the four events of the inflammatory response covered in the activity in the order of occurrence. Rewrite the events in your own words‚ using vocabulary terms from Ch. 2 of the text. Vascular Events in an Inflammatory Response |Events |Simplified description of event
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have type "A" blood‚ you have "A" antigens attached to the surface of your red blood cells and "Anti-B" antibodies not allowing "B" blood in. If you have type "B" blood‚ you have "B" antigens‚ and "Anti-A" antibodies not allowing "A blood in" If you have "AB" you have both antigens on your blood cells and no antibodies. If you have "O" you have no antigens but both "Anti-A" and "Anti-B" antibodies. 3. To determine blood type‚ your cells are mixed with commercially prepared anti-A‚ anti-B‚ anti-AB‚
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1. EGG INOCULATION The fertile hen’s egg can be used to cultivate and propagate various types of viruses. Because of the ability to alter their tropism and to adapt to a new host species‚ many viruses become capable of growing in chick embryo tissues wherein they frequently attain a much higher concentration than in the tissues of the natural host. STRUCTURE OF AN EGG The extra-embryonic membranes of the chick embryo arise from three germinal layers: the endoderm‚ mesoderm and ectoderm
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