antigens on microorganisms to recognise them. White blood cells can destroy microorganisms by engulfing and digesting them‚ or by producing antibodies. A different antibody is needed to recognise each different type of microorganism because each one has a different antigen. Once the body has made the antibody to recognise a particular microorganism it can make that antibody again very quickly‚ protecting against that particular microorganism. 3Explain what the nervous system
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immune response. Various level of defense will be taken place to devoid the antigen. Humoral and cell mediated immunity will taken place at the last. But when it started it leads to the complete resistance to that antigen by producing a specific antibody. Classification of antigen: The antigens may be classified as complete or incomplete antigens. a) Complete antigens: when these antigens are entering the body evokes the immune response with out any assistant or carrier molecule
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1. Which of the following statements about the immune system is TRUE? A. Specific immune defenses are innate (pre-existing) B. Non-specific immune defenses are not innate: they are activated by exposure to foreign antigens C. Non-specific immune defenses require involvement of T-cells and B-cells D. Non-specific immune defenses include fever and the body’s inflammatory response E. None of the above 2. Which of the following does NOT occur during inflammatory
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functions of antibodies Antibodies also known as immunoglobulins are secreted by plasma cells and B lymphocytes from the bone marrow and the lymphoid organs. The effector functions of antibodies are determined by the constant regions of the heavy chain. There are five different isotypes known in mammals to perform different roles and to direct a specific immune response for the antigen encountered. The binding of antigens to the variable regions will trigger the effector functions. Antibodies are only
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to clot‚ if you get a wound for example Plasma: contains salts and various kinds of proteins. 2. What antigens and antibodies determine blood type? What are the antigens made of? - B antigen‚ Rh antibody‚ A anti body‚ A antigen 3. How is blood type determined? What happens if someone is given the wrong type of blood in a blood transfusion? - By what type of antigens and antibodies are in their blood. And they can die. 4. Explain how you did in the game? - I did not do very well. I wasn’t sure what
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Lab #4: The Immune System Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to perform and understand the procedures of conducting an ELISA test to determine whether a particular antibody is present in a patient’s blood sample through a virtual simulation. Hypothesis: If I successfully complete this lab‚ I will then understand how to perform an ELISA test‚ the purpose an ELISA test‚ and also how to interpret the results of this test. Materials and Procedures: Materials: Howard Huges medical
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Secret Fighters 2 The human body was designed to protect itself against harmful germs in order to stay alive. The most vital mechanism aiding that process would be the immune system. The human immune system is working non-stop‚ everyday‚ and every second. There are millions of germs‚ bacteria‚ microbes‚ viruses‚ toxins‚ and parasites that float around us day by day; and the fact that we are not affected by most of them is because our immune system keeps these microscopic particles from invading
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needing it now and what procedure needs to be followed prior to the administration of the medication? The new mother needs to be advised that it is protocol to be administered RhoGAM if she is Rh-negative and is found not to be sensitized to anti-D antibodies (via indirect Coombs’ test). The RhoGAM “dosage depends on gestation: 50 mcg (microdose) of D immunoglobulin is administered before 13 gestational weeks and 300 mcg is given thereafter (as prophylaxis). During the postpartum period‚ D immune globulin
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aramedic reviewPage 1 1. An exaggerated response by the immune system to a foreign substance is: a. an allergic reaction. b. an allergy. c. hypersensitivity. d. an immune response. 2. A life-threatening emergency that occurs due to an unusually exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign protein or other substance is: a. anaphylaxis. b. hypersensitivity. c. an immune response. d. a primary response. 3. Approximately how many persons in the United States die annually
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Mammalian defence against infectious disease can be non-specific‚ otherwise known as innate‚ or specific (adaptive). Non-specific defence can be further categorised into external (preventive) or internal (defensive). Physical barriers such as skin‚ mucous membranes and hair contribute to the body’s non-specific defence against disease. Commensal organisms on skin are also a physical barrier. Chemical secretions such as lysosyme in tears‚ sebum on skin and stomach acid are also part of non-specific
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