5. The Law of Piercing the Veil of Incorporation “Piercing the corporate veil” refers to the judicially imposed exception to this rule by which courts disregarded the separateness of the company and consider a shareholder responsible for the company’s action as if it were the shareholder’s own. A fundamental rule of corporate law is that shareholders in an organization are not liable for the obligations of the enterprise beyond the capital that they contribute in exchange for their shares. It refers
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.) Social inequality and stratification are universal phenomena. In what way or sense may they be engendered by or attributed to: a.Private ownership (Rousseau) - In the eighteenth century Jean-Jacques Rousseau argued that private property creates social inequality and that this inequality ultimately leads to social conflict. Rousseau takes a more realistic approach to private property‚ and recognizes the vast inequalities that it creates between human beings‚ arguing that the acquisition
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In The Prison Notebooks‚ Gramsci analyzed how fascism‚ which was opposed by the majority‚ eventually came to be the ruling force in Italy. According to him ideology was the “social cement” that unified and binded together the dominant social order. Diverse social groups attained hegemony‚ Gramsci said‚ through inducing the consent of the majority of subaltern groups. The state helped in uniting these groups‚
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Sociology Marxist theory on sociology is primary based on the work of Karl Marx (1818-1883). His ideas seem to be equally important in the field of economics and political science. Several neo-Marxist theorists like Louis Althusser (1918-1990)‚ Antonio Gramsci (1891-1937) et al have contributed in taking Marxist theory on sociology further. Marx lived in an age when entire Europe was still recovering from cultural shock of prior revolutions (French revolution and others). Moreover at that period entire
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servitude as by flogging and kicking them into obedience. The philosophy behind the EU is a strange mixture of Capitalism and Communism - a form of Euro Marxism which owes much of its dogma to the Pre-World War II Italian Marxist Philosopher‚ Antonio Gramsci. The nearest ideology to that practiced by the EU is something called Communitarianism‚ or what Tony Blair [Former UK Prime Minister] 1997 - 2007] called the ’Third
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Week 3 Tutorial questions 1. What is modernity? What is modernisation? It is used to describe complex range of phenomena associated with changes that separated contemporary society from earliar societies. Modernisation is processes that lead to modernity. It is the key characteristics of modernity there are ten dimensions of modernity‚ five associated with structures and five that reflect changing relationships. Characteristic 1: the rise of rationality Characteristic 2: a belief in science
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Archaeology of Knowledge ; And‚ The Discourse on Language. New York: Pantheon‚ 1972. Print. Foucault‚ Michel. The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences. New York: Pantheon‚ 1971. Print. Gramsci‚ Antonio‚ Quintin Hoare‚ and Geoffrey Nowell-Smith. Selections from the Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci. New York: International‚ 1971. Print. Habermas‚ Jürgen. Knowledge and Human Interests. Trans. Jeremy J. Shapiro. Boston: Beacon‚ 1971. Print. Hajer‚ Maarten A. The Politics of Environmental Discourse:
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Spivak borrows the term ‘subaltern’ from Antonio Gramsci who initially used it in to refer to persons of lower rank (Gramsci 55) and it has its roots in Post Colonial theory. Spivak used it to refer to the marginalized‚ downtrodden or those who were outside the “hegemonic power structure(s)” (Singh 113) of the society. They are discriminated on multiple grounds and denied the rights‚ freedom and opportunities in society. Singh suggests that in recent times it is used to refer to “those who lack
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Many feminists would say that religion (like the family and the welfare state...) is another site of patriarchy. It is a place where women are oppressed by men‚ and it serves to reproduce this oppression and spread it throughout the wider society. The Catholic Church is a favourite target. It is against women’s rights such as contraception‚ abortion‚ and divorce. It is headed and run exclusively by men. God is seen in male terms; Jesus is a man; and although there is great respect for the Virgin
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Furthermore‚ considering the instability of culture and the historical events that reinforce this idea‚ the seemingly inevitable act of cultural appropriation can be constructive to society. What many do not realize is that appropriation allows people to learn more about another culture: “When we attack people for stepping outside their own cultural experiences‚ we hinder our ability to develop empathy and cross-cultural understanding” (Cathy‚ 2015). Cultural adoption brings new changes and possibilities
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