Social penetration theory was formulated by psychology professors Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor as their attempt to describe the dynamics of relational closeness. They proposed that closeness occurs through a gradual process of self-disclosure‚ and closeness develops if the participants proceed in a gradual and orderly fashion from superficial to intimate levels of exchange as a function of both immediate and forecast outcomes.[1] This psychological theory‚ as with many others‚ is applied in the
Premium Interpersonal relationship Sociology Scientific method
Research in regards to the effects of crime news on it’s consumers has been of great interest to sociologist and criminologist since the nineteenth century (Lotz‚ 1991)‚ and has develop under the perspective of *social constructionism*. The theory was originally composed by sociologists Peter Berger and Thomas Luckman in the mid 1960’s‚ in an attempt to explain how individuals form perceptions of reality from socially created entities‚ and socialization (1966). They preposed that society became
Premium Sociology Criminology Crime
Social Class is one system of Social Stratification‚ social class is a form of structured inequality which has been apparent in many generations over time. A definition of Social Class is that people are classed as more ‘important’ and placed at the top of the hierarchy if they have a lot of wealth and higher status but lower if they do not. Social class can impact people in many ways including their chances in education‚ employment‚ and health but there is possibility for people to move up the
Premium Sociology Social class Working class
Bandura’s Social-Cognitive Theory The social-cognitive theory proposed by Albert Bandura (1925- ) has become the most influential theory of learning and development. It considers that people learn from one another‚ including such concepts as observational learning‚ imitation‚ and modeling. This theory explains human behavior in terms of continuous reciprocal interaction between cognitive‚ behavioral‚ and environmental influences. The four-step pattern of observational learning consists of: (1)
Premium Sociology Psychology Social psychology
Social disorganization theory attempts to describe the ways that social institutions fail to fulfill their constructive and order-maintaining functions in a particular area‚ especially in urban environments. When institutions such as schools‚ churches‚ families‚ businesses‚ and government fail‚ the individuals begin to suffer because of it‚ which results in them feeling powerless and a lack of purpose in life. In the end‚ this can start to develop some personality disorders in those individuals.
Premium Sociology Criminology Crime
Combating Adult Obesity: A Social Cognitive Approach to Reduce Local Obesity Overview of the Program Focus The health crisis of obesity is becoming an epidemic in the United States. Currently in America‚ more than two thirds of all adults are either clinically overweight or obese (The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases‚ 2012). Within the population of obese individuals nationally‚ adults within the age group of 40 to 59 have the highest prevalence rate of obesity
Premium Nutrition Obesity United States
Write a 1‚400- to 1‚750-word paper in which you analyze the social contract theory of John Locke and how the values identified are consistent with the criminal justice system and private security settings. Do these values and principles apply to both venues? • What are the key principles associated with Locke’s social contract theory? • How are these principle inculcated in the U.S. Bill of Rights? • How do the principles play out in the criminal justice system and security settings? • Describe
Premium Social contract Political philosophy John Locke
Hirschi’s Social Bond Theory Describes D’Angelo Barksdale in The Wire Travis Hirschi’s dissertation‚ which eventually became a well-respected and commonly used book in criminology‚ had within it one of the most influential theories of crime that was tested with data and supported with results. The dissertation became known as Causes of Delinquency and was published in 1969 (Kozey‚ 2012). The general theory states that delinquency takes place when a person’s bonds to society are weakened or broken
Premium Social control theory Sociology Illegal drug trade
Micro and macro social theories Functionalism and symbolic interactionism are contrasting sociological theories. Like all theory‚ sociological theory cannot explain everything and therefore differing theories have different perspectives and ideas. As a result they only offer partial or specific points of view of society in general. There are a wide range of sociological theories‚ which can be categorised into two main groups: structural or macro and social action or Micro perspectives. (Langhoff
Free Sociology
This theory is like structural-functional theory‚ as far as the level of analysis of being a macro-level (Macionsis‚ 2013). Furthermore‚ how the economy is will determine the type of jobs people can access. In addition‚ social-conflict theory also interpret that work place problems are a result of the disruption from the economy. In fact‚ “conflict is the most basic feature of social life (Conflict theory‚ 2001)”. Those that have the power to exploit labor workers‚ forcing them into lesser paying
Premium Employment Management Human resource management