Introduction In this paper I will be discussing a patient who at 49 years of age became incapacitated by a left sided cerebrovascular accident (CVA) following a motor vehicle accident. To keep her identity completely confidential‚ I will be referring to her as Mary. I will not refer to any medical staff or buildings by name for this same reason. Mary had two seizures while in hospital recovering from the motor vehicle accident (MVA). Mary ’s recovery was progressing normally but was compromised
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veins: o 1. Large (ex. Inferior vena cava) Wide bundles of smooth muscle Well developed tunica adventitia o 2. Medium (ex. Great saphenous vein) Have valves to maintain direction of flow Musculovenous pump - squeezes the vein to propel the blood to the heart o 3. Small (Venules) Unite to form venous plexuses • Veins have valves - Which helps the blood return to the heart without falling back arteries veins thick walls (due to smooth muscle in tunica
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into the right atrium. This de-oxygenated blood passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. This blood is then pumped under higher pressure from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. Left-Hand Side of the Heart The left-hand side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs (via the pulmonary veins) into the left atrium. This oxygenated blood then passes through the bicuspid valve into the left ventricle. It is then pumped to the aorta under greater pressure
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connective tissue +elastic fibres – stimulated by sympathetic nerve fibres – very thick in arteries. 10 Veins • Veins carry blood from capillaries to the heart. – pulmonary veins‚ – Venules – Pressure in veins low – muscular contractions – valves 11 Varicose veins 12 Capillaries • Capillaries – Join
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body. C. There are also four types of valves that regulate the blood flow through your heart. (Heart Information Center 2015) 1. The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries that carry blood to your lungs to pick up oxygen. 2.The tricuspid valve is on the right side of your heart and regulates blood flow between the right atrium and right
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gas exchange in birds and reptiles. In mammals it is derived from trophoblast and becomes part of the placenta. Rathke’s pouch- dorsal ectoderm evagination from stomodeum that gives rise to the anterior pituitary gland Aortic Arch- six pariered arteries emanating from the aortic sac and transversing though the pharyngeal arches (1‚ 2‚ and 5 degenerate) AER (Apical ectodermal ridge)- thickened ridge on anterior-post surface of limb bud Torsion- twisting of the embryo along the left-right axis (similar
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is connected to the left ventricle. The last part of the heart is the heart valves. Some of them come in pairs‚ and they are: the atrioventricular valves‚ and the semilunar valves. The two atrioventricular valves‚ which separate the atria and the ventricles in both sides of the heart‚ are called the right atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve and the left atrioventricular (mistral) valve. The two other semilunar valves are the
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PVD can result from atherosclerosis (ath-uh-roh-skluh-roh-sis)‚ which is when fatty substances form a deposit of plaque on the inner lining of arterial walls‚ inflammatory processes leading to stenosis [sti-noh-sis]‚ which is a narrowing or stricture of a passage or vessel‚ an embolism‚ which is the occlusion of a blood vessel by an embolus (undissolved material carried by the blood and impacted in some part of the vascular system‚ as thrombi or
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from bursting. Valve Replacement If one or more of the valves in your heart is diseased or damaged‚ it can affect he way your blood flows through your heart by obstructing the flow of blood. This is called valve stenosis or narrowing. It also may allow blood to leak backwards. This is called valve regurgitation‚ on a leaky valve. Valve replacement is when the diseased valve is replaced with a new one. The most common types of replacement valves are mechanical (artificial) valves or tissue (animal)
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rubbery and would then have split into two tubes‚ the left and right arteries. These arteries then carry blood to the lungs. We could not see the split in the arteries during the dissection but we did find the pulmonary valve which comprised of three semi lunar cusps. This valve prevents the backflow of blood into the right ventricle. We then discovered the two pulmonary veins‚ these veins carry oxygenated blood back to the left atrium. They were slim‚ rubbery and flexible. We were then shown the
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