AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 11 1. Categorize chemical signals in terms of the proximity of the communicating cells. Local signaling – a. Paracrine signaling – a secreting cell acts on nearby target cells by discharging molecules of a local regulator (a growth factor‚ for example) into the extracellular fluid. b. Synaptic signaling – a nerve cell releases neurotransmitter molecules into a synapse‚ stimulating the target cell. Long distance signaling- c. Hormonal signaling – specialized
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Biology Unit 2 Module 2 1.1: Explain the uptake of ions by active transport in roots; * Emphasize the role of the endodermis. Most plants secure the water and minerals they need from their roots. The path taken is: soil -> roots -> stems -> leaves The minerals (e.g.‚ K+‚ Ca2+) travel dissolved in the water (often accompanied by various organic molecules supplied by root cells).Less than 1% of the water reaching the leaves is used in photosynthesis and plant growth. Most of it is
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The numbers are overwhelming: Over the next 17 years‚ 350 million rural residents (more than the entire U.S. population today) will leave the farm and move to China’s cities. That will bring the Chinese urban population from just under 600 million today to close to 1 billion‚ changing China into a country where more than two-thirds of its people are city dwellers‚ says Jonathan Woetzel‚ a director in McKinsey’s Shanghai office. The change will reverse China’s centuries-old identity as a largely rural
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Biology - Chapter 9 Study Guide (DNA) 1. Define vaccine. Substance that is prepared from killed or weakened diseased causing agents 2. What is the name of the scientist that performed transformation experiments? Griffith Name the living organisms used in these experiments. mice 3. What is transformation? A change in the genotype caused when bacterial cells take up foreign genetic material 4. Who discovered what material was responsible for transformation? What is the material?Oswald
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Government Involvement Regarding “Green Policy” Energy‚ natural resources‚ conservation—these are all hot topics in Washington today. But‚ to what extent should the United States government be responsible? America is in desperate need of a “green revolution” (Friedman). However‚ the problem is not only America’s; the entire globe suffers from the effects of global warming (graph). While it is undeniable that the American government needs to develop initiatives regarding energy conservation and
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Evolution Unit: Objectives AP Biology Upon the completion of the textbook readings in Chapters 22-26 you should be able to: Chapter 22 1. Explain how the principle of gradualism and Charles Lyell’s theory of uniformitarianism influenced Darwin’s ideas about evolution. The basic idea of natural selection is that a population of organisms can change over the generations if individuals having certain heritable traits leave more offspring than other individuals. The result of natural selection
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Rise and fall of Islam Intro Arab followers of Muhammad surged from the Arabian Peninsula to create the first global civilization Quickly conquered all of the middle east‚ Greece‚ Egypt‚ and Persia. This conquering spread ideas and trade‚ facilitating global diffusion Birth of Islam The Arabian peninsula was filled with bedoin societies and people. The bedoin were a hunter- gather tribe Although some groups did herd camels and others participated in agriculture‚ showing how diverse this society
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systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow‚ to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis. Living systems require both free energy and matter to maintain order‚ grow and reproduce. Organisms employ various strategies to capture‚ use and store free energy and other vital resources. Energy deficiencies are not only detrimental to individual organisms; they also can cause disruptions at the population and ecosystem levels. Biological systems must both capture free energy and
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Rate L/min | 5 | 6 | 8 | O2 Concentration % | 35 | 40 | 50 | * Partial Rebreathing Mask * Used when high concentrations of O2 are needed. * High concentrations are used with the critically ill and unstable patients. * Patient does not breath room air (one-way valve allows CO2 to escape). * Caution that reservoir bag does not empty completely. * Set flow rate so that mask remains two thirds full during inspiration and keep reservoir bag free of twists or
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Taylor Dumitru Unit 6: Learning Study Guide 1. Learning is a relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience. Nature’s most important gift to us may be our adaptability—our capacity to learn new behaviors that enable us to cope with ever-changing experiences. 2. Pavlov explored the phenomenon we call classical conditioning‚ in which organisms learn to associate stimuli and thus anticipate events. This laid the foundation for John B. Watson’s behaviorism‚ which held that
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