Jennie K. Daniels Organic Chemistry 2121 11 February 2014 Synthesis of Aspirin Salicylic acid derivatives‚ or salicin‚ are found in the bark of the willow tree. In the 5th century B.C.‚ Hippocrates ground the bark into a powder‚ and later‚ the Natives Americans chewed on the bark to alleviate fever and pain1. In the 19th century‚ a German chemist by the name of Felix Hoffman wanted to find a medication that would ease
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Abstract Introduction The acylation of the α carbon position of a carbonyl group is one of the greatest breakthroughs that has benefited chemists in organic synthesis particularly when in need of building a carbon skeleton of interest in a molecule. For one to be able perform this acylation technique‚ there are two mar approaches which are employable. The first method involves the deprotonation of the α-Carbon atom which has a pKa known to be ̴20 through the use of a strong base for instance
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Purpose: To synthesize 1‚2‚3‚4-tetraphenylnaphthalene through a two-step synthesis. The aldol condensation reaction between benzil and dibenzyl ketone forms 2‚3‚4‚5-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone‚ which then reacts with a benzene formed by anthranilic acid and isoamyl nitrate in order to yield 1‚2‚3‚4-tetraphenylnaphthalene. Reaction Equation A: Synthesis of 2‚3‚4‚5-tetraphenylcyclopentadienone: A solution of 4 capsules potassium hydroxide (0.5g) and 5mL anhydrous ethanol was prepared
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Important Questions of this chapter: **Definition Cell cycle 2. Homologous Chromosome 3. Sister Chromatid 4. Synapsis **Short Questions 1.Describe the chief events of mitosis and show how these differ from meiosis. (V.V.I.) 2. What ‘checkpoints’ occur in cell cycle? What is the role of each? **Long Questions 1.Describe the phases of the cell cycle and the events that characterize each phase. Answer of short Definition is given below 1. Cell Cycle: The cell cycle is an orderly
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Terrence Smith Advanced College Writing Dr. Ruby Parker Argument Synthesis April 21‚ 2011 Argument Synthesis In Mr. Siemiesz’s chapter he explained about the National Security Consequences of U.S Oil Dependence and how it could be fixed and changed for the best interest of the country; Mr. Siemiesz outlined specific points or steps the country could take to make those changes he outlined in the chapter. “Those major energy suppliers from Russia to Iraq to Venezuela have been increasingly
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Relationships of Proteins Proteins are a group of organic compounds whose molecules consist of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen and sometimes sulfur atoms. They are condensation polymers of amino acids that are joined by strong peptide bonds. There are 20 different types of amino acids available‚ and the different combinations of these amino acids give it different structures and specific functions to it. Below in this essay‚ will illustrate the how different structure of a protein is related to
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cells.[4] Cells emerged on Earth at least 3.5 billion years ago. Cell Theory: In biology‚ cell theory is a scientific theory that describes the properties of cells‚ the basic unit of structure in every living thing. The initial development of the theory‚ during the mid-17th century‚ was made possible by advances in microscopy; the study of cells is called cell biology. Cell theory is one of the foundations of biology. The three parts to the cell theory are as described below: All living organisms
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Nucleus: Control center‚ directs protein synthesis and cell reproduction Nucleolus: Assembles Ribosomes Manufacture / Delivery / Products (p82) Rough endoplasmic reticulum: Protein synthesis (with ribosomes) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: Lipid synthesis Golgi complex: Recieves vesicules from ER‚ processes and transfer them within / without of the cell Lysosome: Recycling center; digests waste Peroxisome: Detoxifies strong oxidants Ribosome: Site of protein synthesis Supporting structure (p86)
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of MPTP dramatically accelerates this process in the course of days and not years (Hanson et al.‚ 2015). Additionally consumption results in a reduction of glutathione content (Sian et al.‚ 1999). What have been good and bad consequences of the synthesis of MPTP? MPTP negatively affects the body by penetrating the blood-brain barrier and entering the brain cells. MPTP is not toxic‚ however when it oxidizes it forms MPP+ which is toxic. Toxic oxidation later reaches the extracellular fluid and
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Emily East November 22‚ 2014 AP Biology: 4th Hour Mitosis & Meiosis Test Corrections 3.) At which phase are centrioles beginning to move apart in animal cells? E. Prophase This answer can be found in the book on page 232‚ “Prophase – centrosomes move away from each other‚ propelled partly by the lengthening microtubules between them.” 4.) If cells in the process of dividing are subjected to colchicine‚ a drug that interferes with the formation of the mitotic spindle apparatus‚ at which stage will
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