Doctrine: Limitations in Establishing Corporate Criminal Liability The identification doctrine is the traditional method by which companies are held liable under the principles of the common law. According to this theory‚ the solution for the problem of attributing the unlawful acts to a corporation for offences that require intention was to merge the identified individual with the corporation. For the purpose of establishing corporate liability‚ a company may be responsible for the wrongful acts of
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forms of business entities available‚ a recent one being limited liability partnerships (LLP)‚ created by the Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000 (LLPA). This act came into force on the 6th of April 2001. As‚ LLP’s have qualities similar to partnerships‚ they are seen as a hybrid between a partnership and a company. An LLP is a ‘corporate body’ with ‘separate legal personality’‚ distinct from its members. Members enjoy limited liability and are not jointly and severally liable for the debts of the
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(Audited) | Current Years (Unaudited) | Dr. | Cr. | Audited | 10100 | Cash on Hand | | 1‚987.28 | 2‚275.23 | | | | 10200 | Regular Checking Account | | 198‚116.52 | 532‚125.92 | | | | 10300 | Payroll Checkiing Account | | | | | | | 10400 | Savings Account | | 3‚044‚958.13 | 3‚670‚599.15 | | | | 11000 | Accounts Receivable | | 16‚410‚902.71 | 49‚780‚259.98 | | | | 11400 | Other Recievables | | |
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Analysis of Apollo Hospitals in India Hospital at Hyderabad Vs Chennai After the success of the hospital at Chennai‚ Dr. Reddy expanded to Hyderabad. After a slow pickup which included losses for the first four years‚ the hospital finally seemed to have picked up by making a profit of Rs. 100‚478‚000 in the year 1994. But on closer examination of the financial statements‚ we can see that the apparent profit is actually due to interest waiver given by the financial institutions‚ as well as a result
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Vicarious Liability Monday‚ January 12‚ 2015 10:00 PM Vicarious Liability is where one person is held liable for the torts of another. This is usually where an employer is liable for the torts of employee. For the employer to be liable: i) A tort‚ (such as negligence‚ battery or even in breach of statutory duty (Majrowski v Guys and St Thomas’s NHS Trust 2007)) ii) committed by his employee‚ iii) during the course of employment. • Original defendant (employee) must be liable in tort first Prepared
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The issue is whether the defendant Sykt Jebat can be held liable for the damages suffered by the plaintiffs‚ Sam‚ Jojo and Lan under the law of Occupiers’ Liability. Occupiers’ liability concerns injury caused to a plaintiff as a result of defective condition of the land‚ building and premises. In order to establish occupiers’ liability‚ the occupier must have a sufficient degree of control over the premise. Lord Denning in Wheat v Lacon & Co Ltd (1966) held that “whenever a person has a sufficient
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The Elements of Criminal Liability ACTUS REUS & MENS REA "Actus non facit reum nisi mens sit rea"‚ or "an act does not make a man guilty unless his mind be also guilty (Burgess‚ 2004‚ p.8)." In criminal law‚ for an individual to commit a crime‚ there must be present two elements. They are: Actus Reus (meaning guilty act or omission); and Mens Rea (meaning guilty mind). Actus Reus is the guilty act or omission in the commissioning of a crime. In short‚ it is what the offender does
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Ch8 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Delta‚ Northwest‚ and United Airlines have all‚ at one time‚ filed for bankruptcy. True 2. In a classified balance sheet‚ we categorize all liabilities as current. True 3. False A line of credit is an informal agreement that permits a company to borrow up to a prearranged limit without having to follow formal loan procedures and paperwork. True 9. False We record interest expense in the period in
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this change the researcher will design a proposed system for Robles Bakery that would therefore answer the needs or the establishment in their method of giving in their employee’s salary. The purpose of this is to make their way of computing the payroll easier. Background of the Study Robles Bakery was established on June 21‚ 1985‚ by Mr. Mario Larcia at 50 M. Paulino Street San Pablo City Laguna. Robles Bakery was came from the owner’s surname‚ Mr. Ruperto Robles. It aims to produce and sell
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December. In their last quarter they are facing financial problems because of incorrect record sales. Some of the sales records are missing bills of lading. Also the credit approval controls are not emplaced our lack of them will cause a greater liability for collection. Will need to verify all the charges to the customer because there is many overcharge and undercharge amounts. The overcharge delay from invoice date and credit memo averages 24 days to correct the mistake. Apollo’s controls are
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