or prevent any kind of neurologic deficit that could occur post - arrest from decreased perfusion and oxygenation to the brain. The benefits of starting this are exponential and “…decreases free radical production‚ inflammatory pathways‚ cellular apoptosis‚ and necrosis to prevent neurologic injury once oxygenated blood flow is restored to the brain…” (p. 48). Another significant point that Harden (2011) brings up is that therapeutic hypothermia should be started no later than ten hours after return
Premium Heart Blood Cardiac arrest
Blood Film Staining – Normal & Malignant Cells Case Study 1 Male 72 yrs Hb 77g/l (NR 130-180) RBC 2.23 x 10¹²/l (NR 4.5-6.5) MCV 88fl (NR 76-96) WBC 98.2 x 10/l (NR 4-11) Platelets 28 x 10/l (NR 150-400) A) Calculation of PCV (packed cell volume or haematocrit) PCV = RBC (cells/l) x 10¯¹² x MCV (fl) RBC = 2.23 x 10¹²/l MCV = 88fl or 88 x 10/l PCV = 2.23 x 88 x10 PCV = 196.24/1000 PCV = 0.196 (NR 0.4-0.54) B) Calculation of MCH (mean cell volume) MCH = Hb
Premium Anemia Bone marrow Red blood cell
REDISCOVERING BIOLOGY Cell Biology and Cancer “ We now understand a lot about cancer. We know that it results from a series of genetic changes having to do with cell division and growth control and genetic instability‚ mortality‚ the suicide mechanism in cells; the ability of the cells to migrate; the ability of the cells to attract to them a blood supply. And so that’s pretty profound that in a few sentences one can summarize a sophisticated‚ fundamental understanding of what a cancer is.” LELAND
Premium Cancer
The role MHC class II plays on the immune system is that some of its genes code for proteins that will be expressed on the surface of the immune system cells. Peptides which are protein fragments outside the cells will allow these proteins to be attached to them‚ if these proteins are recognised by the immune system as foreign (such as viral and bacterial) the MHC will send a signal to the immune system to trigger an immune response against the invading bacteria or virus. The HLA class I and class
Premium Immune system Bacteria Antibody
EMBRYOLOGY DEVELOPMENT * Sequential expression of the genes * Organisms proceeds from cell fertilized egg to adulthood to eventual death Successful development * Has to follow the prescribe sequence in normal pattern Three Fundamental Processes in Embryology: 1. Morphogenesis * (morph- = shape‚ + genesis = origin) * Origin of shape‚ form 2. Differentiation * Process of cells becoming different‚ and specializing for different functions 3. Growth
Premium Developmental biology
[pic] Discuss the relationship between calorie restriction diet and longevity Calorie restriction (CR) diet consists of reducing the daily calorie intake by up to 40% without removing nutritional value‚ (Willcox et al.‚ 2007‚ Katsman et al.‚ 2010). The emphasis is based on under-nutrition and not mal-nutrition. The Okinawa diet seems to have a CR status for two main reasons‚ the first being that Okinawa had reduced food supplies in the first half of the 19th century and secondly
Premium Nutrition Obesity Death
Introduction Type II Diabetes is a rapidly growing disease in our country. Unfortunately‚ many of us know at least one person who battles through this metabolic disease. I chose the article titled The sugar disease-understanding type 2 diabetes mellitus written by Georgina Casey to review and learn from. This article was found in the Continuing Professional Development +Nurses Journal published in March 2011. My grandmother has battled with this disease for many years and it has slowly progressed
Premium Diabetes mellitus Insulin Blood sugar
Mini Cases in Movement Disorders Mona Dalzon Case 1 Kenny Kenny is a teenager who has experienced uncontrollable bodily and facial movements‚ various uncontrolled vocalizations‚ and other compulsions such as excessive hand washing and wringing. He has been treated with Clonidine‚ Haldol‚ pimozide and buspirone. This patient was diagnosed with Tourette’s Syndrome. Clonidine is a vasodilator that allows for blood to flow more easily to the brain. This lowers blood pressure and helps treat the tics
Premium Nervous system Antipsychotic Dopamine
mutations that occur in the main cells of the body that ultimately lead to the formation of cancer. A single gene mutation is all that is necessary to drive the cancer cells to grow and divide uncontrollably. As this occurs the body cells go into apoptosis; if the patient does not take the necessary steps for immediate treatment he/she will most likely die since cancer cells rapidly begin to encompass the whole body. Proto-oncogenes are a group of genes that regulate the function of normal cells
Premium Cancer
Cyclophosphamide and Vinblastine are anticancer drugs used to treat a variety of cancers. Cyclophosphamide is synthetically produced and used to treat Hodgkin’s disease‚ non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas and neuroblastoma. It is also often used in conjunction with other anticancer drugs. (http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Anticancer+Drugs) (http://cyclophosphamide.net/) A drug which may be used in conjunction with Cyclophosphamide is Vinblastine‚ commonly known as Cytoxan or Neosa. Like Cyclophosphamide
Premium Chemotherapy Cancer Leukemia