Endocrinology – Case study 1 A 37 year old female with a recent history of dizziness‚ shakiness and intolerance to heat and sees her GP. Her blood tests come back as normal apart from a thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) of <0.05 mU/l and free thyroxine (T4) of 30.1 pmol/l. Normal Ranges of TSH‚ T4‚ and T3 The results received from the patient blood tests indicate abnormal levels of these hormones. The reference ranges of these hormones are: TSH has a range of 0.4-4.5 mU/l‚ free T4 has a range of
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Introduction Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that composes many factors that contribute to the manisfestations of SLE. These factors include genetic and epigenetic regulation of gene expression‚ environmental factors‚ hormones‚ and a dysfunction in the immune system. It is estimated that about 1.5 million patients‚ and many other patients worldwide‚ have lupus. The survival rate of SLE patients improved from 50 % to 90% over the last 40 years from an estimated 5-year
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Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the blood and bone marrow‚ the spongy tissue inside bones where blood cells are made. The word "acute" in acute myelogenous leukemia means the disease’s rapid progression. It’s called myelogenous leukemia because it affects a group of white blood cells called the myeloid cells‚ which normally develop into the various types of mature blood cells‚ such as erythocytes‚ leukocytes and thrombocytes. A myelocyte is a young cell of the granulocytic series
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PETALS: EXTRACTED TO BE A REFRESHING BEVERAGE ( Science Investigatory Project ) Table of Contents I. Cover page II. Title page III. Acknowledgement IV. Table of content V. Abstract VI. Introduction VII. Statement of the problem VIII. Hypotheses IX. Conceptual Framework X. Significance of the study XI. Delimitation and limitation of the study XII. Related Literature XIII. Methodology XIV. Analysis of data
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Abstract Hypothyroidism during pregnancy is very dangerous for both mother and unborn child. There are several complications that the fetus can develop if left untreated. Many times hypothyroidism goes undiagnosed due to its symptoms similarity to pregnancy. Thyroid hormones play a crucial role in pregnancy for fetus brain and developmental growth as well as the mother’s health. With the right medical management hypothyroidism during pregnancy can prevent fetal birth defects by mandated
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Cancer causes genetic damage to DNA and epigenetic changes which affect the normal functions of the cell such as programmed cell death (apoptosis)‚ cell proliferation and DNA repair. Lung cancer causes the most common cancer related deaths in male among other types of cancers. Surgical removal of a tumor in an early stage of disease may be a best option to cure. However‚ the lung cancer symptoms
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BI 111 Study Guide Exam #1: Some of Ch. 4‚ the brief discussion summarizing Ch. 6‚ and Chptrs. 5‚ 7‚ and 8 HOW TO USE THIS STUDY GUIDE: You should be able to provide fairly detailed answers to the following questions and directions… this means you will probably use more room than is provided by the small spaces between them. Some of those answers will include things I talked about in lecture‚ as well as concepts that are explained by your textbook. You may want to reformat the guide on
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Final Biology Exam Review Unit One: Cellular Processes Definitions: Apoptosis – Known as cell suicide‚ lysosomes break open and decompose the entire cell. Triglyceride – A lipid molecule composed of glycerol and three fatty acids. Simple diffusion – Movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It goes through the phospholipid bilayer. Facilitated diffusion – Diffusion of particles through the cell membrane‚ assisted by transmembrane proteins
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Marine organisms and other novel natural sources of new cancer drugs Gilberto Schwartsmann South-American Office for Anticancer Drug Development (SOAD)‚ Comprehensive Cancer Centre (CINCAN)‚ The Lutheran University (ULBRA) & Postgraduate Course in Medicine (UFRGS)‚ Porto Alegre‚ Brazil Introduction Man has always relied on nature for survival. Since ancient times‚ nature has been our main source of food‚ protection‚ clothing‚ transportation and remedies [1‚2]. This can be illustrated by the
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Have you ever noticed that all heroes do the same things? They all leave the ordinary world‚ conquer the difficulties‚ and win the battles. This is a pattern called Hero’s Journey‚ which introduced by Joseph Campbell in The Hero with a Thousand Faces. In the Disney movie Beauty and the Beast‚ the main character Bella is going through the hero’s journey. The first stage is the call to adventure; this stage sets the story rolling by obstructing the happiness of the hero’s ordinary world‚ presenting
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