Marginal Costing is ascertainment of the marginal cost which varies directly with the volume of production by differentiating between fixed costs and variable costs andfinally ascertaining its effect on profit. The basic assumptions made by marginal costing are following: - Total variable cost is directly proportion to the level of activity. However‚ variable cost per unit remains constant at all the levels of activities. - Per unit selling price remains constant at all levels of activities. -
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LIFE CYCLE COSTING Question 1 Solaris specializes in the manufacture of solar panels. It is planning to introduce a new slim line solar panel specially designed for small houses. Development of the new panel is to begin shortly and Solaris is in the process of determining the price of the panel. It expects the new product to have the following costs. Particulars | Year 1 | Year 2 | Year 3 | Year 4 | Units manufactured and sold | 2‚000 units | 15‚000 units | 20‚000 units | 5‚000 units |
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1. What are the strengths and weaknesses of the target costing system? Strengths: ● Target cost system is ideal for assembly-oriented industries with great involvement in the diversification of product lines‚ usage of technologies of factory automation‚ development of systems for reducing cost during all the stages of product’s life cycle such as is the case of Nissan Motor 1 . ● Since Nissan cost system is continuously undergoing modification and improving processes to ensure high productivity
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Traditional costing versus Activity-based costing Advantages and disadvantages Costing systems are the programs that supply information about the value of direct labor hours and numbers of units produced. With the help of data such as product cost‚ the managers can generate estimation of cost associated with different activity carried in the organization. The costs systems operate by taking total cost as basic for calculation. Costing is essential for every organization‚ as every manufacturing and
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each product but must be ‘shared’ between all of the items produced by a business. There is more than one costing method that can be used to apportion these costs and‚ therefore‚ there may be more than one answer to the question: ‘How much does a product cost to produce?’ contribution costing method that only allocates direct costs to cost/profit centers not overhead costs. This approach to costing solves the problem of how to apportion or divide overhead costs between products – it does not apportion
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Apple Company Apple Company The Apple Company it’s one of the most successful companies nowadays. This paper talks about how the company starts its empire‚ and the methods they use to advertise‚ sell and have the competitive advantage over the rest of the companies. The beginning of the most innovative company today started not so successful as it is today. Steven Wozniak and Steven Jobs were friends since college
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1. Introduction to Apple Company Steve Jobs alongside Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne founded Apple Inc. under the objective of nurturing innovation in the computer business. Like any other company‚ the starting of Apple Inc. involved challenges of dealing with competition‚ winning the market share‚ unfavorable response from customers‚ lack of innovation‚ and lack of recognition by potential clients. With all these challenges acting against the ability of Apple to thrive in the computer business
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Activity-Based Costing (ABC) is when you figure out the cost of activities to then discover the cost of products and services. ABC occurs in in four stages. These steps are as follows: identify activities and calculate their estimated total costs‚ identify the allocation base for each activity and estimate the total quantity of each allocation base‚ compute the predetermined overhead allocation rate for every activity‚ and allocate indirect costs to the cost object. I will use the production of a
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areas fit tightly to serve the overall Apple strategy. Apple has done an outstanding job of developing a very separate strategy through industry leading innovation. Apple has employed a differentiation strategy in an attempt to meet the needs of a global market by offering customers innovative new products and improved existing products. An important part of their strategy involves meeting the needs of the evolving digital electronics and computer markets. Apple has chosen to implement its strategy
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case study comparing Canon‚ Inc. and Apple Computer‚ Inc. Ikujiro Nonaka Institute of Business Research‚ Hitotsuhashi University‚ Kunitachi‚ Tokyo‚ Japan Martin Kenney Department of Applied Behavioral Sciences‚ University of California‚ Davis‚ CA 95616‚ USA Abstract This paper argues that innovation can be best understood as an information process which is then concretized as a product that meets demand. Two very different firms‚ Canon Inc. and Apple Computer Inc.‚ are used as case study illustrations
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