According to Article 27 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights‚ "everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific‚ literary or artistic production of which he is the author".[32] Although the relationship between intellectual property and human rights is a complex one‚[33] there are moral arguments for intellectual property. The arguments that justify intellectual property fall into three major categories. Personality theorists believe
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States." (Power of the purse) The Sixteenth Amendment extended power of taxation to include income taxes. The Constitution also gives Congress power over appropriating funds‚ with all government spending required to be included in congressional appropriations. This power is an important way for Congress to keep the executive branch in check. Other powers granted to Congress include the authority to borrow money on the credit of the United States‚ regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the
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2.2.3: The internet and IPR infringement The internet has brought about great opportunities as well as challenges due to its increasing popularity across the world. Online marketplaces provide an instant global reach for products by customers which increase the chances of obtaining counterfeit products online. Contrary to roadside sellers and supermarkets‚ online sellers conduct their business in uncontrolled channels making it difficult to establish the authenticity of online product. Sometimes
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PLAGIARISM TOPIC OUTLINE: PLAGIARISM I. Causes of Plagiarism A. Students not taught about plagiarism B. Students provided reading material too hard for them C. Students not taught note taking skills II. Consequences of Committing Plagiarism A. Law Suit B. Fines or Jail Sentences C. Ruined Reputation D. Failed Assignment or Course E. Course Failure or Suspension from College. III. The cure
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“just like a magic penny‚ / hold it tight and you won’t have any. / Lend it‚ spend it‚ and you’ll have so many / They’ll roll all over the floor.”1 Just as love sometimes means letting go‚ the doctrine of fair use recognizes that the purposes of copyright are sometimes better served by allowing certain forms of infringing activity to occur. The four-factor test for fair use‚ codified at 17 U.S.C. § 107‚ affords courts sufficient latitude to fine tune the analysis in light of changing circumstances
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Activity-Based Budgeting: Creating a Nexus between Workload and Costs By Jon M. Shane INTRODUCTION At some point in an executive’s career they will be required to develop a budget for something. Indeed it is a prime responsibility. A budget is merely a plan described in financial terms. Knowing which budget plan to choose is a matter of what needs to be conveyed. There are many different budget styles‚ each with a different purpose. For example‚ the most common government budget is the line-item
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is the result of the labour required to produce it and hence it is to be protected. Thus‚ what Locke has advocated is that every person has a natural right to claim protection for his work or labour which is the result of his or her effort. Any appropriation of his or
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CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................... 537 I. OVERVIEW: THE FIRST AMENDMENT‚ COPYRIGHT‚ AND THE CONFLICT BETWEEN THEM ................................................................ 538 A. What Free Speech Is For ............................................................. 538 B. Copyright and Fair Use ............................................................... 540 C. The First Amendment Value of Copying .....................
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CH7 Crime-business community: Elements of crime(criminal law)1 actus reus(guilty act) wrongful behavior. 2 mens rea(guilty mind)wrongful state of mind. When liability is assessed without guilty mind it is liability without fault or strict liability ex. unknowingly selling alcohol to minor. Criminal burden of proof –guilty beyond reasonable doubt civil b.o.p-a preponderance of the evidence(more likely than not). Classification of crimes:1 felony serious crimes punishable by imprisonment for over one
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(Coetzee & van Dyk: 4). Literature within the South-African Copyright law system is treated differently from other intellectual property such as trademarks‚ patents and registered designs‚ as copyright is bestowed once the literature is presented in material form. In other words‚ if one were to source South-African literature‚ the failure to acknowledge this would be illegal (Smit& Van Wyk‚ 2010). However‚ according to the copyright act of South-Africa‚ there are exceptions. One is
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