Table of Contents 1.1 Introduction 1.2 NET PRESENT VALUE (NPV) 1.3 ADVANTAGES OF NPV 1.4 DISADVANTAGES OF NPV 1.5 PAYBACK 1.6 Arguments in favour of payback 1.7 Debt vs Equity 1.8 Equity equals Ownership (Share Profits and Control) 1.9 Debt: Money You Owe 2.0 ADVANTAGES OF DEBT COMPARED TO EQUITY 2.1 DISADVANTAGES OF DEBT COMPARED TO EQUITY 2.2 Managerial Ownership and Agency Costs 2.3 Concentrated Ownership and Agency Costs 2.4 Debt and Agency Costs 2.5 PECKING ORDER THEORY OVERVIEW
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through a bond issue. A lot of disagreement was made by several company directors that instead wanted the firm to issue common stock. In the end‚ the argument is about whether to raise debt or equity. What are the annual cash expenses associated with the (a) bond issue? (b) common stock issue? Analysis of issuing stock The cost of issuing stock is lower than bond. The bond has a principal repayment of an additional $6.25 million cash expenses annually and that is over 9% of the bond issue.
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The unequal distribution of wealth has always been a huge problem that has plagued society throughout the ages. As forms of governments of each nation have changed‚ the unequal distribution of wealth has remained a constant. Even in Communist countries‚ which were supposed to eliminate this problem by abolishing the private ownership of land‚ the unequal distribution of wealth was still a problem in their society. It is difficult for society as a whole to make advancements‚ because of the unequal
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I recommend buying the OSX 9.25 2015 bond for 90 cents on the dollar for a YTW of 15% in 2015‚ but I believe the correct yield is yield to next call (111%)‚ as I believe the company will call this bond in June‚ 2013 at 103. The bond is secured by a 1st lien collateral on an FPSO that is being built in Singapore (87% completed) that will be delivered on Q4 to the company. Value of the FPSO is 700MM USD as marked on OSX´s book‚ total debt is 500MM USD. Eike Batista is the main shareholder of Centennial
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Treasury Bond Yields ______________________________________________________________________ I. Introduction The Federal Open Market Committee raised the federal funds target interest rate from the historically low 1% to 1.25% at its meeting in June 2004. Macroeconomic theory tells us that long-term interest rates tend to move in the same direction‚ and generally in concert with‚ shortterm interest rates (Abel 2005). So‚ we would expect the yield on a long-term asset like the10year Treasury bond‚ which
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concentration of wealth is why Western Europe never fully enveloped Marxism. In the East‚ Africa‚ and South America‚ they had wealth concentrated in the hands of a very few high classes‚ whereas in Western Europe and North America it was somewhat more spread out. In the "poor" areas‚ Marxism was seen as a way to take wealth from the elites and spread it among all the people‚ and Marxism was in most cases with the overthrow and execution of the elites. In the areas where wealth was more
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International Research Journal of Finance and Economics ISSN 1450-2887 Issue 20 (2008) © EuroJournals Publishing‚ Inc. 2008 http://www.eurojournals.com/finance.htm The Impact of Dividend Policy on Shareholders’ Wealth R. Azhagaiah Faculty Member‚ Department of Commerce Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post Graduate Studies (Autonomous) (Govt. of Puducherry) Affiliated to Pondicherry Central University Puducherry – 605 008‚ South India E-mail: drrazhagaia@ yahoo.co.in Tel: ++91-0413 – 2255017; Fax:
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The Dark Net‚ by Jamie Bartlett‚ introduces the complex relations between the the virtual world and our everyday lives. The internet provides the ability to construct a virtual identity. The construction of this virtual identity opens new sets of rules that function online. This virtual identify creates tension between “the real world” and the virtual world‚ blurring distinctions between right and wrong. In the virtual world‚ outside factors appear to be eliminated. However‚ similarities between
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Final Paper Wealth Inequality in U.S. and Economic Efficiency Over the last decade‚ income inequality has become one of the most important issues in the U.S. and a subject of a lot of debate. There is a prevalent idea in the society that the wealth inequality in United States is currently at the highest level in the history after steadily raising for a number of decades. The financial crisis is said to have contributed to this significant gap between the top 1% and everybody else
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1. How much will $1000 deposit in savings account earning a compound annual interest rate of 6% be worth at the end of the following number years? a) 3 years $1‚191 b) 5 years $1‚338 c) 10 years $1‚791 2. If you require a 9% return on your investment which would you prefer? a) $5‚000 today PV = $5‚000 b) $15‚000 five years from today PV = $9‚748.50 c) $1‚000 per year for 15 years PV = $8061 Select option b
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