houses and automobiles. The crisis resulted from a combination of complex factors‚ including easy credit conditions during the 2002–2008 period that encouraged high-risk lending and borrowing practices; international trade imbalances; real-estate bubbles that have since burst; fiscal policy choices related to government revenues and expenses; and approaches used by nations to bail out troubled banking industries and private bondholders‚ assuming private debt burdens or socializing losses.
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mortgage of U.S.‚ initially seen as difficulties in the U.S. subprime housing market‚ rapidly soared and dripped over the financial markets and afterwards hit the economy. This crisis has distorted the financial scene along the globe and the resultant costs incurred are yet to be assessed. For example in the U.S.‚ constantly increasing unemployment rates‚ declining consumer confidence‚ the continuing declining prices in housing market‚ increased bankruptcies‚ an rising inflation and federal debt
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factors that led to the Great Recession‚ the factors lead to one major cause‚ which was the bursting of the housing bubble. The crisis not only impacted the United States‚ but also other countries. Overall‚ the crisis was an event that still impacts the economy today‚ but we are slowly recovering. To fully understand the Crisis of 2008‚ it is first important to understand what a housing bubble is. The term comes from a period
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has been a large decline in the capital of many banks and U.S. government sponsored enterprises‚ tightening credit around the world. Contents [hide] 1 Background and timeline of events 1.1 Mortgage market 2 Causes 2.1 Boom and bust in the housing market 2.2 Speculation 2.3 High-risk mortgage loans and lending/borrowing practices 2.4 Securitization practices 2.5 Inaccurate credit ratings 2.6 Government policies 2.7 Policies of central banks 2.8 Financial institution debt levels
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high-risk loans to anyone seeking to purchase a home. This became a common practice and contributed to the inflation of the housing market bubble. The housing market bubble continued to grow until the high-risk loans began to default in early 2007. Unfortunately‚ not everyone who was offered loans could afford to pay them off eventually causing a collapse in the unstable housing market‚ crippling the global economy. The banks then
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encouraged a large current account deficit in the US. It also encouraged an asset bubble‚ because it was cheap to borrow and this encouraged unsustainable lending. · US interest rates kept too low for too long around 2003-2005. This encouraged an asset bubble‚ especially in US. The problem was that inflation was low and people felt this was the most important target. In targetting inflation‚ people ignored the asset bubble. (see: Mistakes of Alan Greenspan[->0]) · Bad Loans. Probably the biggest cause
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THE FEDERAL RESERVE AND THE FINANCIAL CRISIS Lecture 2: The Federal Reserve after World War II 1. Early Challenges 2. The Great Moderation 3. Origins of the Recent Crisis What Is the Mission of a Central Bank? • Macroeconomic stability - All central banks use monetary policy to strive for low and stable inflation; most a so use monetary policy to try to promote stable growth in output and employment. • Financial stability - Central banks try to ensure that the nation’s financial system
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failure and the London housing market May 2003 Contents Introduction 1 1. Recent trends in house prices 3 2. The demand for and supply of housing 7 3. Cycles‚ expectations and bubbles 19 4. House building and planning 27 5. Affordability 37 Conclusion 47 Appendix: House price data sources 50 References 53 Introduction The market for housing is highly complex… London is a city of over three million dwellings. Its stock of housing is made up of a wide
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1. Background—mortgage market The immediate reason or trigger of the crisis was the bursting of the United States housing bubble which peaked in approximately 2005–2006.High default rates on “subprime” and adjustable-rate mortgages ‚ began to increase quickly thereafter. An increase in loan incentives‚ such as simple initial conditions and long-term trend of rising housing prices encouraged borrowers to increase the commitment that they will be able to quickly re-financing more favorable conditions
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Rome wasn’t built in a day but over many; in time its historical roots have come to symbolize Western civilization’s most admirable human traits and values of the democratic ethos: hard work‚ sacrifice for the greater good and cooperation. Today‚ Rome’s neighboring country Greece is called to mind as the democratic ideal’s counterweight: the modern state of Greece has come to symbolize Western culture’s most human failings by way of its financial collapse. Modern-day Greece’s default must be recognized
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