Differentiating between Sorts of Mandatory Payments 24 The Tests for Differentiation 24 The significance of Differentiation 24 6. Public goods 24 7. Market Failures 25 8. Incidence of Tax 28 9. Principals of a Good Tax system 31 10. Neutrality in Taxing 34 11. Effective Tax 35 12. Efficiency of the Method of Taxing 36 13. The Search for a ’Just’ Tax 37 Progressive Tax 37 Regressive Tax 39 Flat Tax 39 Tax Credits and Tax Deductions
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NOTES IN TAXATION Taxation- process or means by which the sovereign‚ through its lawmaking body‚ raises income to defray necessary expenses of the government; power of the State‚ inherent in sovereignty -indispensable and inevitable price for civilized society‚ without taxes‚ government would be paralyzed. Taxes- lifeblood of the government and their prompt and certain availability are an imperious need. Objectives of Taxation: Shifting wealth from the rich to the poor Maintaining
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Question Write an analysis of the developments of the taxation system in Zimbabwe from pre to post colonial Zimbabwe (25) The tax system currently enforced in Zimbabwe under the authority of the Income tax Act Chap 23.06 with Acts like the Capital Gains Act Chap 23.01‚ Finance Act Chap 23.04 and the Excise duties Act as complimentary. The system evolved from traditional ideologies perpetuated from
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TAXATION AND FISCAL REGULATIONS IN NIGERIA INTRODUCTION The Nigerian Tax System has undergone significant changes in recent times. The Tax Laws are being reviewed with the aim of repelling obsolete provisions and simplifying the main ones. Under current Nigerian law‚ taxation is enforced by the 3 tiers of Government‚ i.e. Federal‚ State‚ and Local Government with each having its sphere clearly spelt out in the Taxes and Levies (approved list for Collection) Decree‚ 1998. Of importance at this juncture
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September 11‚ 2001‚ is a moment frozen in time. It was on this day that the world seemed to stop turning‚ and its course would never be the same again. It was the day of the largest organized attack on American citizens that took the lives of 2‚976 innocent everyday people (attention grabber).It not only destroyed buildings‚ it destroyed lives. Not only the innocent lives of the thousands murdered in the burning buildings were destroyed‚ but the lives of their families were destroyed‚ and their
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TAXATION ASSIGNMENT TASK 1 UK Tax System. The taxation structure which any country imposes has a direct impact on its accumulation and redistribution of wealth within its economy. The UK tax system is administered by Her Majesty Revenue and Custom (HMRC) and comprises of a number of taxes. Tax is collected directly or indirectly. Direct taxation is based on income and profits made by an individual. With the direct taxation‚ the taxpayer pays his tax directly to the government. Examples of
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Introduction Double taxation arises when an individual or business acquiring income in a foreign country is required to pay taxes on that income in both the foreign country as well as the country of origin. For example‚ an American company operating in a developing country‚ in the absence of a tax treaty between the two countries may have to pay a withholding tax to the government of the developing country‚ as well as corporation tax to the United States government (Howard‚ 2001‚ p. 259). The
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International taxation International taxation is the study or determination of tax on a person or business subject to the tax laws of different countries or the international aspects of an individual country’s tax laws. Governments usually limit the scope of their income taxation in some manner territorially or provide for offsets to taxation relating to extraterritorial income. Many governments tax individuals and/or enterprises on income. Such systems of taxation vary widely‚ and there are no
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Subject: Taxation Topic: Advantages Of Direct Taxes & Impacts Of Indirect Taxes on Corporate sector By: Vrushika Sheth Introduction on Tax To tax (from the Latin taxo; "I estimate") is to impose a financial charge or other levy upon a taxpayer (an individual or legal entity) by a state or
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Adam Smith’s Four Main Canons of Taxation ↓ A good tax system is one which is designed on the basis of an appropriate set of principles (rules). The tax system should strike a balance between the interest of the taxpayer and that of tax authorities. Adam Smith was the first economist to develop a list of Canons of Taxation. These canons are still regarded as characteristics or features of a good tax system. Adam Smith gave following four important canons of taxation. 1. Canon of Equity The principle
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