the book seems to be the nature of justice‚ a topic in political philosophy‚ but Plato also has his characters explore issues in philosophical cosmology‚ philosophical theology‚ philosophical anthropology‚ ethics‚ aesthetics‚ and epistemology. The parts of the Republic that are contained in our text (pp. 107-123) focus on Plato’s idea (ideal?) of the Philosopher Ruler. According to Plato‚ the best possible political system (state) will be ruled (governed) by
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The School of Athens. Aristotle has his hand pointing straight out as if he is declaring to Plato that truth is found right here around us. Aristotle was an excellent teacher who is considered to be the prince of philosophy and one of the world ’s most influential thinkers of all time. Aristotle was born in 384 B.C at Stragyra in Thrace‚ on the north coast of the Aegean Sea. This was fifteen years after the death of Socrates and three years after the founding of Plato ’s Academy. His father
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Unlike the idealistic ancient philosophers such as Plato‚ who discusses politics in “the context of things above politics” (Machiavelli vii)‚ the modern philosophers‚ Niccolò Machiavelli and Thomas Hobbes‚ take a realistic approach in explaining political actions and outcomes. Considered to be among the first social scientists‚ they both try to delve deep into the nature of mankind and its relationship to politics. In the course of doing so‚ both authors seem to believe that virtue and morality‚
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ARISTOTLE AS A CRITIC. Aristotle (384-322 B.C.E.)‚ the son of a physician‚ was the student of Plato from approximately 367 B.C. until his mentor’s death in 348/347. After carrying on philosophical and scientific investigations elsewhere in the Greek world and serving as the tutor to Alexander the Great‚ he returned to Athens in 335 B.C.E. to found the Lyceum‚ a major philosophical center‚ which he used as his base for prolific investigations into many areas of philosophy. Aristotle is a towering
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Contributions It is believed that Plato‚ a student of Socrates‚ was one of the greatest contributors of philosophy. Proof of Plato ’s notoriety in the world of philosophy can be clearly seen with his dialogues and his renowned student Aristotle. Plato’s writings are in the form of dialogues‚ with Socrates as the principal speaker. With his theory of Forms‚ he had discussed a wide range of metaphysical and ethical questions while finding inherent connections between the two. Plato also considered epistemological
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where happiness exists is a question that has been pondered by many great thinkers. Aristotle‚ Immanuel Kant‚ Plato and Socrates had quite a bit to say on the subject. All of these well-known philosophers have a road map to happiness‚ religion‚ passion and objectivity. Yet‚ their theories differ ultimately in how to go about attaining each of them. For both Plato and Aristotle the good appears to be happiness. For Plato‚ this is where his interpretation of the meaning of Eudaimonism takes precedence
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justice in order to ensure its legitimacy. The sense of justice however‚ can be open to conflicting understandings and we thus need to address justice as a concept. According to Plato‚ when one asks the question‚ what is justice? One is synonymously asking‚ what is the best form of a state? (Stirk and Weigall‚ 1995:2). Plato believed that the best form of the state is one in which each individual strives to be the best version of themselves and aspires to the state of goodness. This goodness would
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Chapter XV Page 71 What does Machiavelli say it is necessary for a Prince to do to "hold his own?" It is important for a prince to know how to do wrong and apply this knowledge or not depending on whether or not it is necessary. Machiavelli makes a long list of what he calls "virtues" and "vices." According to Machiavelli which is more important for the Prince to have control of? Why? This answer may continue onto page 73. It is more important for the Prince to have control over his vices
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Virtue 1: Machiavelli‚ in dedicating the work to Lorenzo de’ Medici‚ reminds the young prince that greatness awaits him because he is endowed with both fortune and admirable qualities. Machiavelli uses the term "virtue" to describe the positive qualities of a prince. In Daniel Donno’s notes‚ he writes that virtue is a word which "implies physical and mental capacity-intelligence‚ skill‚ courage‚ vigor-in short‚ all those personal qualities that are needed for attainment of one’s own ends." (p. 125)
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judges by the result. 1 As Machiavelli said nobody in truth knows who you really are; they just see you for what you come into view as. The myth of Niccolo Machiavelli being the Devil has been present for centuries; hence the name Machiavelli has become a synonym for the Devil. Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli‚ born in Florence Italy‚ was a diplomat for 14 years‚ during the Medici family’s expulsion from the throne. Once the Medici family returned to the throne‚ Machiavelli was dismissed and jailed
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