groundwater‚ but also surface water and air. Research shows Earthworks extraction of hydrocarbons is associated with much higher air pollution than burning them later. For pollutants emitted VOCs include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene‚ toluene‚ hydrogen sulfide‚ nitrogen oxides‚ PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)‚ Sulphur dioxide. The problem of environmental pollution worsens method of disposal of spent fracturing fluid. It is stored on site drilling and often evaporated into the atmosphere
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regulations may weed out the smaller local players‚ which are finding it tough to adhere to the lower VOC levels. Among the strict regulations that came into effect on 1 July 2002‚ an important one sets the limit of aromatics content at no more than 500 ppm (parts per million). The aromatics being limited include benzene‚ ethylbenzene‚ dimethylbenzene‚ toluene and mixed xylenes. Two mandatory state standards limiting the amount of the harmful substances in latex paint for walls and solvent-based polyurethane
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Fermentation and affects it has on foods Fermentation is described as the transformative action of organisms and the metabolic change either anaerobic or aerobic processes converting energy needed to turn raw product to a finished fully fermented food. Fermenting food has become more popular because people are realizing that if it were not for fermenting as a collection of people we would be in trouble. Fermenting has been done for hundreds of years because if not for fermenting letting foods just
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DETERMINATION OF THE HEAT OF SOLUTION BY THE VANT HOFF ISOCHORE METHOD Jan Vincent Arafiles‚ Merry Joy Arzaga‚ Anne Louise Ayson‚ Lovely Jenny Buenaflor Group 2 3A-Biochemistry chem401 laboratory ABSTRACT Thermodynamic values can be determined using the Vant Hoff isochore method. This method entails the use of equilibrium systems to determine the change in enthalpy of the solution‚ which can b related to the change in internal energy of the solution. The van ’t Hoff isochore relates
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POLYSTYRENE Project Report By Pramod. M. Munjgude (PG/M/090021) Guided By Prof. Mrs. Sucheta. B. Avasthi Packaging technology [pic] INDIAN INSTITUTE OF PACKAGING ANDHERI (E)‚ MUMBAI September 2009 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I express my sincere gratitude to my guide Prof. Mrs. Sucheta B‚ Indian Institute of Packaging‚ Mumbai for her valuable guidance and support for the completion of this report. I am thankful to Indian institute of Packaging
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plumierid (2%). Latex contains resins‚ caoutchouc and calcium salts of plumieric acid: cerotinic acid and lupeol. Leaves contain a volatile oil. Characteristics and Pharmacological Effects Sweet tasting and neither warming nor cooling in effect‚ aromatic. Antipyretic‚ diuretic‚ emmenagogue‚ febrifuge‚ purgative‚ rubefacient. Folkloric uses · Decoction of bark is used as purgative‚ emmenagogue‚ and febrifuge. · Preventive for heat stroke: the material may be taken as a cooling tea. · For dysentery
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Preparation of N‚N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) and its Identification by IR and NMR Spectroscopy Eim A. Chemist CHEM 304 July 10‚ 2005 INTRODUCTION N‚N-Diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) is the active ingredient in many insect repellants.1 In this experiment‚ DEET will be prepared from m-toluic acid through the intermediate acid chloride and then identified by its IR and proton NMR spectra. The overall reaction is a series of two acyl substitutions and is shown in Scheme 1 below: [pic] Scheme
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is cypress? Cypress is a tree found in the Coniferous and Deciduous regions. Though it is quite often linked with mortality‚ the use of the essential oil derived from this tree can cure many conditions. It is a tree which has been associated with aromatic‚ beneficial‚ and calming oil that it produces. It is extremely rich in essential oil with gives many benefits. A little about Cypress oil Cypress essential oil is extracted from the steam distillation of the branches‚ twigs‚ needles‚ and stems of
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3.1. Influence of the catalyst on synthesis of Benzimidazole Initially‚ we began with catalyst free reaction by stirring reaction mixture of a and b in ethanol at room temperature. Additionally‚ several reactions were performed using various catalysts in different reaction conditions and results are summarized in Table 1. The catalyst free reaction fails to produce selective benzimidazole and conversion of reactants in long reaction time and obtained only 21 % conversion with 13 % selective yield
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NITROSYL CHLORIDE 657 NITROSYL CHLORIDE [2696-92-6] Formula: ClNO; MW 65.459 Structure: Cl—N=O. bent molecule‚ N—O bond distance 1.139Å and N—Cl bond distance 1.975Å Uses Nitrosyl chloride is an important component of aqua regia. It is an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis. It also is used as a catalyst. Physical Properties Yellow gas; heavier than air‚ density 2.3 (air=1); gas density 2.872 g/L; liquefies at –5.55°C; liquid density 1.273 g/mL; freezes at –59.4°C; critical temperature 167°C;
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