How to Use "Shall" in Legal Writing By Loi Truong "Shall" is frequently used in statutes‚ laws and regulations. Whenever we try to explain a particular law or provide advice in relation a particular law‚ it is inevitable that we simply replicate the word "shall" as it is used in the statutes‚ laws and regulations. Nevertheless‚ the use of the word "shall" does not convey the right meaning in the context of what we are writing. Oftentimes‚ "shall" functions as a "directive" when used in statutes
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TOPIC: The first car appeared in British roads in 1888. By the year 2000 there may be as many as 29 million vehicles on British roads. Alternative forms of transportation should be encouraged and international law introduces to control car ownership and use. To what extent do you agree or disagree? During the 18th century‚ there were only a number of cars that can be sighted on the roads. And only well-off families can afford to purchase their own transportation. After a century‚ vehicles that can be
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Faster implementation The allocation of design and construction responsibility to the private sector‚ combined with payments linked to the availability of a service‚ provides significant incentives for the private sector to deliver capital projects within shorter construction timeframes. Better risk allocation A core principle of any PPP is the allocation of risk to the party best able to manage it at least cost. The aim is to optimise rather than maximise risk transfer‚ to ensure that best
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Public vs Private Healthcare: the advantages and disadvantages of both As a first generation Canadian‚ due to the on-going debate about a possible public-private healthcare interface‚ I have become very familiar with the meaning of public vs private healthcare. In a socialist type government healthcare services are provided‚ funded and regulated by the government‚ which constitutes as a public healthcare system. On the other hand‚ entrepreneur-run (profit-based) clinics and hospitals that are
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Material Appendix F Outline and Thesis Statement Guide What is your thesis statement? While there are many similarities between public and private high schools there are also many differences that help you choose between public school and private. Introduction: When it is time to attend school‚ how will you choose between public and private schools? While you will be attending yourself or sending your children to school your ultimate goal is to find a school that will meet you or
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Essay Notes Learning Outcomes Economic evaluation is . Define Public + Private healthcare Define Merit Good (healthcare social benefit exceeds private benefit) and how if left to private sector will be under consumed! Lecture 1 & 2 slide 17 – basic private v public graph supply and demand (public supply line straight) Public funded means Gov spend more on it‚ they can reduce defecit if go private Private health – principal-agent problem (supplier-induced demand) (moral hazard) (con)
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states that only public goods (i.e. non-rival and non-excludable) should be publicly provided and cash transfers dominate in-kind transfers because recipients’ decisions are unconstrained. This is puzzling given the fact that most governments provide a large amount of goods that are private in nature (i.e. rival and excludable)‚ for example‚ health care‚ education and public housing. Since the eighties‚ there has been a growing literature dedicated to study the public provision of private goods‚ with
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healthcare. The public system is struggling‚ and there is a debate going on over whether or not private hospitals should be permitted. Universal healthcare is very cherished in Canada‚ but conservatives argue that introducing a private system will improve the burden on the public system. Those who oppose say that the creation of a two-tier system will result in one system that is better then the other‚ attracting the best doctors and the best equipment‚ and that those who can’t afford private or do not
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be enrolled. Depending on one’s religion or beliefs a private or public school is a choice most parents face. The first problem parents run into is money. Many parents cannot afford the tuition for a private education‚ and therefore are left with no choice but to enroll their children into a public school. Private schools rely on the high tuition‚ while public schools rely heavily on government funds. This gives private schools more access to the most advanced education tools
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Facilities: Many public school facilities are impressive others are mediocre. The same is true of private schools. In the public school system‚ the twin engines of political support and economic revenue base are critical. In private schools the ability to attract endowments and other forms of financial support are just as critical. Private school facilities reflect the success of the school’s development team and that of the school to continue to generate alumni support. Some private K-12 schools have
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