Cost of Capital Definition: cost of capital is the rate of return that a company must earn on its project investments to maintain its market value and attract funds. The cost of capital to a company is the minimum rate of return that is must earn on its investments in order to satisfy the various categories of investors‚ who have made investments in the form of shares ‚ debentures and loans. The cost of capital in operational terms refers to the discount rate that would be used in determining the
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manufacturing cost categories: Direct Materials Cost: The materials that go into final product are called raw materials. Direct Labor Cost: The term direct labor is reserved for those labor costs that can be essentially traced to individual units of products. Direct labor is sometime called touch labor‚ since direct labor workers typically touch the product while it is being made. Manufacturing Overhead Cost: Manufacturing overhead‚ the third element of manufacturing cost‚ includes all costs of manufacturing
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Cost Principle for Computing the Cost of Plant Assets Plant assets are recorded at cost when acquired. This is consistent with the cost principle. Cost includes all normal and reasonable expenditures necessary to get the asset in place and ready for its intended use. The cost of a factory machine‚ for instance‚ includes its invoice cost less any cash discount for early payment‚ plus any necessary freight‚ unpacking‚ assembling‚ installing‚ and testing costs. Examples are the costs of building a
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operating costs Making a profit is usually the primary aim of running any business‚ and although this is normally achieved by increasing sales‚ it can also be enhanced through the careful control of costs. A business that keeps costs under control will be able to release more resources for growth and be better placed to survive in a downturn or recession. A structured and ongoing approach to cost control is an essential part of any well-managed business. Finding ways to reduce operating costs is
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ACC307 #32 1) Professional Labor Hours Indirect Costs Direct Costs Legal Support Indirect-Cost Pool Cost-Allocation Base Cost Object: Direct Labor Job for clients Direct Costs 2) 2008 budgeted direct-cost rate per hour of professional labor $104‚000 / 1600 hours = $65 per professional labor hour 3) 2008 budgeted indirect-cost rate per hour of professional labor $2‚200‚000 / (25 x 1600 hours) = $55 per professional
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Health Care Cost Accounting A capitation payment arrangement can be an effective means to control healthcare costs because it allows both the insurer and the employer to predict costs for healthcare services more accurately. When a capitation payment method is used‚ the financial risk of caring for the patient is transferred to the medical delivery system. If the healthcare delivery system does not have a cost accounting system or the ability to develop cost information on each payer and service
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Cost of Production Fixed costs are those that do not vary with output and typically include rents‚ insurance‚ depreciation‚ set-up costs‚ and normal profit. They are also called overheads. Variable costs are costs that do vary with output‚ and they are also called direct costs. Examples of typical variable costs include fuel‚ raw materials‚ and some labour costs. An example Production costs Consider the following hypothetical example of a boat building firm. The total fixed costs‚ TFC‚ include
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Criticism on historical cost accounting 1. Inability to provide useful information in times of rising prices * Assumes that money holds a constant purchasing power‚ so the result become irrelevance in times of rising prices * Received much criticism during high inflation periods of 1970s and 1980s. * Obvious flaw in time of rising prices. 2. Real problem of additivity * Some countries allowed revaluation of non-current assets and the different assets are revaluing
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Conceptual Framework Cost Accounting Cost accounting‚ as a tool of management‚ provides management with detailed records of the costs relating to products‚ operations or functions. Cost accounting refers to the process of determining and accumulating the cost of some particular product or activity. It also covers classification‚ analysis and interpretation of costs. The cost so determined and accumulated may be the estimated future costs for planning purposes‚ or actual (historical) costs for evaluating
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THEORY MANUAL FOR B.A.HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AURANGABAD PREPARED BY HEMANT GOKHALE BA(Hons)in Hospitality Management EXECUTIVE CHEF Introduction Food service operation requires many resources and personnel. The food service industry is huge‚ employees millions and grosses billions. However no business establishment earns a fortune with out hard work‚ risks and good control systems. The food service industry is a high risk business. It is possible
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