|Atomic Structure | |Subatomic Particle |Charge |Location in an Atom | |Proton |Positive |Nucleus | |Neutron |Neutral
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understanding of chemistry and the properties of water are important aspects of biology. Elements‚ Atoms‚ and Compounds 2.1 Define matter‚ an element‚ a compound‚ and a trace element. 2.2 Explain how and why iodine‚ fluoride‚ and iron are added to the human diet. 2.3 Distinguish between the size‚ location‚ and properties of protons‚ electrons‚ and neutrons. 2.3 Define the atomic number and mass number of an atom. 2.3 Define an isotope and explain what makes some isotopes radioactive. 2.4 Describe
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All matter is made of small invisible particles called atoms. * There are 92 different types of atoms in the universe. * Substances that are made up of one type of atom are called pure elements; therefore there are 92 pure elements in the universe. * Substances made up of more than one type of atom are called mixtures. * Mixtures are made up of groups of atoms called molecules. * Molecules that are made of one type of atom are called simple molecules. Examples: O3 ‚ N2
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Scopes FHSC1114 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 1 Principle of Chemistry Relative Atomic Masses of atoms & molecules Mass number & atomic number Atomic structure (neutrons‚ protons & electrons) Mole concept & conversion Avogadro’s concept Empirical & molecular formulae Isotopes FHSC1114 Physical Chemistry Centre for Foundation Studies‚ UTAR Objectives To define relative atomic masses of atoms & molecules To define & determine mass no. & atomic no. To determine no. of neutrons‚ protons & electrons
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and cool the neon to 0 K (this will take a while). The atoms are … not moving. vibrating about a fixed position. sliding past each other. moving independently around the container. Is this physically possible (think Third Law of Thermodynamics)? No Go up to the tab that says “teacher” and change the temperature scale from Kelvin to Celsius. According to this 0 K = 273 C. Change the scale back to Kelvin. Notice the pattern of the atoms relative to each other. This pattern can best be described
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light for hours on end. Light Basics Light is a form of energy that can be released by an atom. It is made up of many small particle-like packets that have energy and momentum but no mass. These particles‚ called light photons‚ are the most basic units of light. (For more information‚ see How Light Works.) Atoms release light photons when their electrons become excited. If you’ve read How Atoms Work‚ then you know that electrons are the negatively charged particles that move around an atom’s
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structure and crystal structure? Atomic structure relates to the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. Crystal structure pertains to the arrangement of atoms in the crystalline solid material. 3.9 Calculate the radius of a tantalum atom‚ given that Ta has an BCC crystal structure‚ a density of 16.6 g/cm^3‚ and an atomic weight of 180.9 g/mol. For BCC n=2 atoms/unit cell 3.47 Below are shown three different crystallographic planes for a unit cell of some hypothetical metal.
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Atoms • All elements made of tiny particles called atoms • Made up of: – Nucleus • contains protons (+ charge) and neutrons (no charge) – Outside the nucleus • Contains electrons (extremely small‚ - charge) – In an atom‚ # of protons = # of electrons – SO…Atoms are electrically neutral! 1 9/22/2011 What makes elements different from one another? • Atomic number – the number of • Different elements contain different numbers of PROTONS! protons in the atoms of a
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Isotopes‚ sub-atomic particles and relative atomic mass Sub-atomic particles A subatomic particle is a particle smaller than an atom: it may be elementary or composite. In 1905‚ Albert Einstein demonstrated the physical reality of the photons‚ hypothesized by Max Planck in 1900‚ in order to solve the problem of black body radiation in thermodynamics. In 1874‚ G. Johnstone Stoney postulated a minimum unit of electrical charge‚ for which he suggested the name electron in 1891. In 1897‚ J. J. Thomson confirmed
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Democritus Democritus believed that there were four properties of atoms: Atoms are small hard particles‚ Made of a single material formed into different shapes and sizes‚ They are always moving‚ and they form different materials by joining together. In 425 BC‚ Democritus was suggesting ideas that were hundreds of years ahead of him. He suggested that everything was made up of atoms. He suggested that atoms were small hard particles‚ were a single material formed into different shapes and sizes
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