CHEMISTRY UNIT 2 STRUCTURE OF ATOM The rich diversity of chemical behaviour of different elements can be traced to the differences in the internal structure of atoms of these elements. After studying this unit you will be able to • know about the discovery of electron‚ proton and neutron and their characteristics; • describe Thomson‚ Rutherford and Bohr atomic models; • understand the important features of the quantum mechanical model of atom; • understand nature
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The Atom The basic idea of the atom was adopted by scientists thousands of years later because it explained new discoveries in the field of chemistry. Long after chemical atoms were found to be divisible‚ and even after smaller‚ truly indivisible particles were identified. Over time theories of the atom changed. The nature of atoms in philosophy varied a lot over time and between cultures and schools. The Plum Pudding Model was proposed in 1904 before the discovery of the atomic nucleus in order
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Introduction An atom is the smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical change. The word “atom” comes from the Greek “atomos”‚ which means “unable to be cut”. Atomism is the philosophy of the existence of atoms. The first theories of atoms come from India. There was a Hindu sage named Kanad that hypothesized that all mater was composed of earth‚ water‚ light‚ wind‚ ether‚ time‚ space‚ mind and soul. Then another philosopher named Pakuda Katyayana suggested that everything can be
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M-F (12-1) Bonding Atoms to Form Molecules 1) Observe a) Atoms bond together to form molecules b) Some molecules are inorganic (non-living). c) Some molecules are organic (are/were living)‚ containing all or part of Mr. Cohn. d) Atoms can bond ionically‚ whereby an atom gives up valence electrons and becomes a + ion‚ and another atom receives those electrons and becomes a – ion. The overall charge on the molecule then becomes zero. e) Atoms can bond covalently
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Atoms are a part of our everyday life. Even though people might not realize it‚ they contribute to more things than people may think. From small things such as a small pebble‚ to something huge‚ like a castle. They inhabit our lifes in more way than one. Atoms make up everything around us from the air we breathe to food we eat and even the stars in the sky. The average layman does not know much about the atom but in this paper I will explain what and why they are. The word atom comes from the Greek
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Models of the Atom a) Plum Pudding Model The plum pudding model imagines the atom as a positively charged entity that contains randomly dispersed (negative) electrons within it. It is called the plum pudding model because the electrons in the positively charge cloud resemble raisins in a pudding. Thomson realized that all atoms must contain electrons‚ and since the atoms had a neutral charge‚ they must also include protons. This led him and other to think of the atom as a positively charged
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pADVENTURES of an Atom By: Nicole Zemaitis Atom-Smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of the element. Scientific discovery is how the present day Atomic Theory was made up. The current atomic theory was formed by different scientists over many years‚ each scientist building on or proving theories wrong. Democritus 460-370 B.C. Narrative: Hello! My name is Anna the Atom. I’m writing to you to describe
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phosphorus atom. A) 4‚ 2 B) 2‚ 4 C) 2‚ 3 D) 4‚ 3 E) 0‚ 3 2-There are __________ paired and __________ unpaired electrons in the Lewis symbol for a phosphorus atom. A) 4‚ 2 B) 2‚ 4 C) 2‚ 3 D) 4‚ 3 E) 0‚ 3 3- How many unpaired electrons are there in an ion? A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) This cannot be predicted. 4-What is the electron configuration for the ion? A) B) C) D) E) 5- How many single covalent bonds must a silicon atom form to have
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Cloud Model - an atom is comprised of a nucleus made up of neutrons and protons‚ and electrons moving extremely fast around the nucleus‚ forming an electron cloud instead of moving in orbits like what Bohr’s model suggests - proposed by Erwin Schrodinger in 1926‚ when he derived this model using a mathematical equation that he himself made http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-LEqGPr4h8R4/TsgJyT6vP6I/AAAAAAAAAKE/pTl6O3V2u0M/s200/electron_cloud_model.jpg The Planetary/Bohr’s Model - an atom is comprised of
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best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 1. Ions are a. electrically neutral fragments of a molecule that has been split apart. b. polar molecules c. radioactive isotopes that give off alpha‚ beta‚ or gamma d. charged atoms or molecules that have gained or lost electrons. ____ 2. Sodium has eleven protons. How many electrons does it have in its outermost shell? a. one b. two c. four d. six ____ 3. Chlorine‚ with an atomic number of 17‚ would be expected
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