Casandra De Amicis Biology Review #1 1. The basic unit of structure and function for life is atoms 2. The levels of organization for an organism are: atoms‚ molecules‚ cell‚ tissue‚ organ‚ organ system‚ organisms‚ population‚ community‚ ecosystems‚ and biosphere 3. The characteristics of living organisms are; a. Life is organized b. Life uses materials and energy c. Life reproduces d. Life is homeostatic 4. The major driving force behind evolution is; natural selection (brings about adaptation
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electron pairs between two atoms. Translation: -Ionic bonding happens between a metal and a non-metal (east coast and west coast) -One atom completely donates its valence electrons to another atom -Metals become CATIONS (positive charge/oxidation state); Non-metals become ANIONS (negative charge/oxidation state) Example: Na + Cl → Na+Cl- or Mg + O → Mg2+O2- -In covalent bonding one atom completely shares its valence electrons with another atom (west coast and west coast)
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correct answer is: electrons. Question 2 of 20 The structural unit that retains the properties of an element is the molecule. atom. cell. electron. 5 out of 5 Correct!! Question 3 of 20 Which of the following are found in the nucleus of an atom? Protons Neutrons Electrons A and B 0 out of 5 The correct answer is: A and B Question 4 of 20 The component of an atom or molecule that is most important in determining its chemical properties is the isotope. neutron. electron. proton. 0
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the beam by the pole. T = 392 N‚ H = 339 N‚ V = 0 6. A water molecule consists of an oxygen atom with two hydrogen atoms bound to it as shown in Figure 5. The bonds are 0.100 nm in length‚ and the angle between the two bonds is 106°. Use the coordinate axes shown‚ and determine the location of the center of gravity of the molecule. Take the mass of an oxygen atom to be 16 times the mass of a hydrogen atom. x = 6.69 x 10-3 mm‚ y = 0 7. A constant torque
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positive electric charge of 1 elementary charge. The name proton was given to the hydrogen nucleus by Ernest Rutherford in 1920. The concept of a hydrogen-like particle as a constituent of other atoms was developed over a long period. As early as 1815‚ William Proust proposed that all atoms are composed of hydrogen atoms‚ based on a simplistic interpretation of early values of atomic weights ‚ which was disproved when more accurate values were measured. In 1886‚ Eugene Goldstein discovered canal rays and
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binding of the electron with its hole; as a result‚ the exciton has slightly less energy than the unbound electron and hole. The wavefunction of the bound state is hydrogenic (an "exotic atom" state akin to that of a hydrogen atom). However‚ the binding energy is much smaller and the size much bigger than a hydrogen atom because of the effects of screening and the effective mass of the constituents in the material. Excitons can be treated in two limiting cases‚ which depend on the properties of the material
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CHAPTER 2 REVIEW Geocentric:earth centered-aristotle- greeks Heliocentric-sun centered-copernicus Retrogade motion - Apparent backwards motion of planets Parallax-earth goes around the sun‚stars(background). Appears to shift. Cant be measured‚ so far away. Kepler’s Law (1&3)- Ist orbit are ellipses ‚ 3rd mass of the star‚ solar masses/ distance from the star. The idealized scientific methodBased on proposing and testing hypothensis Hypothesis -educated guess (Book and Paper demo) Hallmarks
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Structure of the Atom Dense nucleus composed of neutrons (0 charge) and protons (+ charge) and surrounded by orbital electrons (- charge). Neutrons and protons firmly held in the nucleus while electrons are very loosely held and are easy to remove. When electrons are removed from the atom‚ two charged particles (ions) are produced the positively charged atom and the negative electron. Energy is absorbed to remove the electron from the atom. Atomic Notation Chemical symbols such as C for
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disintegration from which it can never be put back together. However‚ matter can be reintegrated. b) In Greek‚ the prefix "a" means "not" and the word "tomos" means cut. Our word atom therefore comes from atomos‚ a Greek word meaning uncuttable. All matter is composed of atoms‚ which are bits of matter too small to be seen. These atoms CANNOT be further split into smaller portions. 2. At this point‚ the atomists entered into what their predecessors had postulated to be the origin of matter‚ namely
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portion is an anion or polyatomic ion. Ions in ionic compounds are held together by the electrostatic forcesbetween oppositely charged bodies. Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points‚ and they are hard and very brittle. Ions can be single atoms‚ as the sodium and chlorine in common table salt sodium chloride‚ or more complex groups such as the carbonate in calcium carbonate. But to be considered an ion‚ they must carry a positive or negative charge. Thus‚ in an ionic bond‚ one ’bonder’ must
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