CHEMISTRY 17 1ST LONG EXAM REVIEWER I. ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF ATOMS -arrangement of atoms’ electrons -the number of electrons in an atom -distribution of electrons around the nucleus and their energies • ATOMS *Billiard Ball Model (JOHN DALTON) *Plum Pudding Model (JOSEPH J. THOMPSON) *RUTHERFORD’s Model of Atom -atoms are tiny‚ hard‚ indivisible spheres -electrons (negative charge) occupy the atom - Atom is mostly empty space with a dense nucleus • PROBLEMS with Rutherford’s Model
Premium Quantum mechanics Photon Atom
of the other electron in that orbital? 11. What types of atomic orbitals are in the third principal energy level (n=3)? 12. What is the next atomic orbital in the series 1s‚ 2s‚ 2p‚ 3s‚ 3p? 13. What does the Aufbau principle state? 14. What is the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an potassium atom? 15. What is the electron configuration of oxygen? 16. If three electrons are available to fill three empty 2p atomic orbitals‚ how will the electrons be distributed in the three
Premium Quantum mechanics Photon Atom
Sir J.J.THOMSOM is to physics what electron is to an atom. He charged the world of physics with his discoveries and gave momentum to atomic physics. Physics is what today because of this British scientist who is regarded as the greatest experimental physicists of this century. A bookseller’s son‚ Thomsom studied at the Owens College and later at the Manchester University. He wanted to become an engineer‚ but his father’s death in 1872 forced him to study Mathematics‚ Physics and Chemistry as he
Premium Electric charge Atom Electron
Integrated Physics and Chemistry – Unit 2: The Structure of Matter Experiment: Atomic Structure In this experiment‚ you will have a chance to test the hypothesis that Ernest Rutherford used when determining the size of the nucleus. In his "gold foil experiment‚" Rutherford shot alpha particles at gold atoms. Once he realized that the alpha particles were hitting a concentrated positive mass‚ he developed the nuclear model of the atom. Next‚ he set out to determine the relative size of the nucleus
Premium Atom
Dalton was the first scientist to help contribute to the atomic theory. He based his thought process off of Democritus‚ an ancient Greek philosopher‚ who stated that at one point you will not be able to break down matter anymore‚ he called this basic building block an atom (meaning not divisible). Democritus believed that everything around us such as metal‚ water‚ and wood were atoms‚ but Dalton believed and proved that it could be more basic than that. He started thinking of compounds such as water
Free Atom Electron Quantum mechanics
proportions‚ law of multiple proportions‚ atomic model); J.J. Thompson (atomic model and electron discovery); Rutherford (atomic model and gold foil experiment); Bohr’s atomic model and origin of discontinuous energy levels; Heisenberg and electron cloud’s model; Schrodinger and wave functions b. Subatomic particles (atomic number‚ atomic mass‚ isotopes presence) c. Symbols for representing isotopes (hyphenation notation and nuclear notation d. Average atomic mass – meaning and calculation e. Flame
Premium Atom Quantum mechanics Photon
Chapter 5: Electrons In Atoms A. Models of the atom i. The Development of Atomic Models Protons and neutrons make up a nucleus surrounded by electrons Rutherford’s model or theory ( figured electrons move around the nucleus) His theory didn’t explain why metals or compounds of medals give off characteristics of colors when heated. Also didn’t explain why the atomic model could not explain the chemical properties of elements ii. The Bhor Model Bohr proposed that an electron is found in specific
Premium Quantum mechanics Atom Electron
connection. His discoveries introduced atomic physics. He found out that the number of neutrons are not always the same. One thing led to another and the discoveries of Heisenberg helped to create the nuclear bomb. Henry Moseley Henry Moseley’s findings allowed for a more accurate placement for elements on the periodic table. He used x-ray spectra to study atomic structures to do this. Because of Mosley’s discoveries‚ the periodic table is ordered by an element’s atomic
Premium Atom Atomic number Electron
Atomic Structure Lab Purpose: This lab was designed to make the observers use their senses and by doing that‚ the observers would realize how difficult it was for the scientists in the 17th century to perform in their fields. Data Tables: Ob-scertainer #10 Hypothesis Actual Ob-scertainer #1 Hypothesis Retest Actual Ob-scertainer #7 Hypothesis Actual Ob-scertainer #6 Hypothesis Actual
Free Scientific method Hypothesis Observation
mixture of Pr and Nd)‚ another mixture in the form of erbia‚ and yttrium; unreliable information about atomic mass made correct positioning of these elements in the table difficult. Some had not yet been isolated as elements. There was no way of predicting how many of these elements there would be until Henry Moseley (1887–1915) analysed the X-ray spectra of elements and gave meaning to the concept of atomic number. He
Premium Periodic table Atomic number Chemistry