AUDIT EXPECTATION GAP The phrase "Audit Expectations Gap" was first introduced into the literature over thirty five years ago‚ by Liggio (1974)‚ under the Cohen Commission. It was defined as the difference between the levels of expected performance "as envisioned by the independent accountant and by the user of financial statements" The term ‘expectation gap’ is commonly utilized to describe the situation whereby a difference in expectation exists between a group with a certain expertise‚ and
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1. Prescriptive Issue: Should the follow-up audits be done to ensure the foundation used by Boston Public School are clear‚ publicly‚ available guidelines on how it spends its money in the future? Conclusion：Yes‚ the the follow-up audits should be done to ensure the foundation used by Boston Public Scholl are clear‚ publicly‚ available guidelines on how it spends its money in the future. Reasons: 1. Once the money was in the charity’s accounts‚ it was not subject to the same level of scrutiny
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EXAMPLE AUDIT ENGAGEMENT LETTER This example engagement letter is intended solely for general educational purposes. It is not intended for the purpose of providing specific legal‚ accounting‚ or other professional advice to any particular recipient or with respect to any particular jurisdiction. The author‚ publisher‚ and distributor of this document (1) make no representations‚ warranties‚ or guarantees as to its technical accuracy or compliance with any law ( federal‚ state‚ or local) or professional
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Audit Quality and Audit Firm Size: Revisited by Dan A. Simunic The University of British Columbia December‚ 2003 Background: 1. Audit quality is an important element of corporate governance – although it’s unclear whether audit quality and other aspects of corporate governance (e.g. director knowledge and independence) are fundamentally complements or substitutes. 2. Notion that audit quality varies systematically across classes of audit firms (now Big 4 vs. non-Big 4) has been
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Index A B C Introduction 1 Relevant data 2012 7-8 2 Message from the president and letter from the managing director 9-12 3 Administration Board and Executive Committee 13-14 4 History 15-18 5 Content of the report 19-20 6 About MANGO 21-24 Our sustainability policy and model 7 Our sustainability model 29-36 8 Society and customer relationship 37-48 9 Employees 49-60 10 The supply chain and suppliers 61-72 11 Environmental aspects 73-80 12 Economic data 81-92
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Week 5 Assignment 1. In auditing the long-term investments account‚ an auditor is unable to obtain audited financial statements for an investee located in a foreign country. The auditor concludes that sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding this investment cannot be obtained. a. F. Either a disclaimer of opinion or an “except for” qualified opinion. –If the auditor is unable to obtain financial statements for an investee it is considered a scope limitation in which either a qualified
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Content Nike Strategic Audit Page 2 Appendix A IFAS‚EFAS‚SFAS Page 10 Appendix B Nike Porter ’s Five Page 11 Appendix C Nike Financial Data Page 14 References Page 19 I- Current Situation A. Current Performance Robust financial position‚ $ 15 billion net Profit (See appendix B). Market share around 47%. 28‚000 employee B. Strategic posture 1. Mission To bring inspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world. 2. Objectives Provide an environment
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CHAPTER 19: PROFESSIONAL CONDUCT‚ INDEPENDENCE‚ AND QUALITY CONTROL Ethics and Professional Conduct * Ethics- system or code of conduct based on moral duties and obligations that indicate how an individual should interact with others in society. * Professionalism- refers to the conduct‚ aims‚ or qualities that characterize or mark a profession or professional person. * Most important concepts: personal responsibility and integrity * Accounting profession has developed a Code
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AUDIT OF: DATE OF AUDIT: MAY 11‚ 2012 AUDITORS: Audit Participants: |Name |Position | | |Branch Manager | | |Assistant Manager | |
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BA 105 OPERATIONS AUDIT BY GO‚ PARUNGO‚ SHIE‚ YU‚ ZARRAGA Introduction The Philippines is considered one of Asia’s top booming middle class. With the rise in status and disposable income of this emerging group‚ a change in purchasing patterns and brand preference can be observed. This is reflected in the industry of retail‚ specifically in women apparel‚ by a stronger volume and value growth. Global apparel industry will be valued at $1‚184.1 billion by 2013‚ a 15.4% since 2008. Within this
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