MEMORANDUM Date : November 10‚ 2010 To : Alchemy Corp. (Aren’t we addressing this memo to our parent co.‚ Alchem Corp.?) From : External Audit Team Subject: Internal Control Weakness and related fraud risk After much research and time spent on understanding the inner working of Alchemy Inc.‚ we have found some internal control weaknesses that could lead to potential fraud. Our audit procedures are designed to address internal control weaknesses and subsequent fraud risks
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9.19 Assertions Background information Existence or occurrence: -assets or liabilities of the entity exist at a given date and whether recorded transactions or events have occurred during the period Completeness: -transactions‚ events and accounts that should be presented in the financial statement are included Cut-off -all transactions‚ events and accounts have been recorded in the correct period Right and obligations: -assests represent rights of the entity and liabilities are the obligations
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‘Timely and valid internal and external audits are a primary safeguard against unethical financial behaviour’. Assess the accuracy of the statement. INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL AUDITING Introduction by Emil Nacua Timely and Valid internal and external audits are a primary safeguard which prevents unethical financial behaviour within a business. Audits examine the past and present financial records as they are important to maintain accuracy for those who use the records as they are an aspect of
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A BUSINESS RISK APPROACH Auditing 6e Larry E. Rittenberg University of Wisconsin–Madison Bradley J. Schwieger St. Cloud State University Karla M. Johnstone University of Wisconsin–Madison Australia • Brazil • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Auditing: A Business Risk Approach‚ 6e Larry E. Rittenberg‚ Bradley J. Schwieger‚ Karla M. Johnstone VP/Editorial Director: Jack W. Calhoun Publisher: Rob Dewey Acquisitions Editor: Matthew Filimonov
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Auditing and Assurance: Week 1: Chapter 1: Question 1-44: In examining the audit opinion formulation process‚ identify the areas in which auditor judgment must be made. To what extent does that judgment extend beyond accounting issues? Answer: Well in this process there are four different phases the auditors must follow in order to reach phase 5. Whereas‚ this determines whether or not there is any fairness of an organization’s financial statements and‚ for integrated audits‚ the effectiveness
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AC 4342 Auditing Introduction to assurance and financial statement auditing Discussion Question: Messier Q1-13‚ 14 1 References HKICPA Members’ Handbook Amended Preface to the Hong Kong Quality Control‚ Auditing‚ Review‚ Other Assurance‚ and Related Services Pronouncements Hong Kong Framework for Assurance Engagements Reference Messier: Ch 1 2 CILOs and TLAs CILOs 1 Describe the auditing profession‚ the regulatory‚ legal and reporting framework of auditing. Recognize the basic
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Chapter 1: Auditing: Integral to the Economy TRUE/FALSE 1. The need for assurance services arises because the interests of the users of information may be different from that of the interests of those responsible for providing information. ANS: T PTS: 1 OBJ: Demand for Assurances NAT: AACSB-Analytical skills | AICPA BB-Critical thinking 2. An audit of financial statements is a form of attestation service. ANS: T PTS: 1 OBJ: Auditing Defined NAT: AACSB-Analytical skills | AICPA BB-Critical
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Accounting and Auditing Differences 1. The main difference between auditing and accounting is that accounting is related to the collection‚ recording‚ analysis and interpretation of financial transactions while auditing refers to the examination of books of accounts along with the evidential documents. However‚ both processes are concerned with the accounting records of a business. While‚ audit report are reliable by the users for few reasons such as : a) To verify some information needed about
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Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria (Arens‚ Elder‚ & Beasley‚ 2010). Auditing should be done by a competent‚ independent person. Accounting is the recording‚ classifying‚ and summarizing of economic events in a logical manner for the purpose of providing financial information for decision making (Arens‚ Elder‚ & Beasley‚ 2010). Many people confuse auditing
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internal auditors should provide assurance and consulting on – the scope of internal auditing (governance‚ risk management and control processes). Standard 2100 is one such injunction – “The internal audit activity must evaluate and contribute to the improvement of governance‚ risk management‚ and control processes using a systematic and disciplined approach.” What are these processes that internal auditing has to evaluate and contribute to the improvement of? The best way to describe them
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