Mammalian defence against infectious disease can be non-specific‚ otherwise known as innate‚ or specific (adaptive). Non-specific defence can be further categorised into external (preventive) or internal (defensive). Physical barriers such as skin‚ mucous membranes and hair contribute to the body’s non-specific defence against disease. Commensal organisms on skin are also a physical barrier. Chemical secretions such as lysosyme in tears‚ sebum on skin and stomach acid are also part of non-specific
Premium Immune system Bacteria Antibody
with the physical environment that sustains them developing the ability to identify ecosystems at all scales‚ from a small patch of vegetation to the earth’s biosphere developing the capacity to identify and describe the major biomes of Australia and the world‚ and explaine their spatial distribution understanding the relationship between climate soils and vegetation. Geographical understanding and context Biomes are major world ecosystems characterised by distinctive climates
Premium Biome Ecosystem Climate
Salinity is a major environmental issue in Australia. Salinity describes the salt content of water or soil. When the salt content rises to an extreme‚ it degrades the water quality and land efficiency. This is the problem that is being faced in Australia; salt levels are becoming so extreme that is affecting plant and animal survival‚ thus damaging infrastructure. Dryland salinity is caused when the rising water-table surfaces natural salts in the soil. The salt remains in the soil and becomes
Premium Water Australia Plant
Master General Department was established in 1901 on the federation of Australia as part of Australia’s government. In the later years‚ Post Master General Department (PMG) was separated into two different sectors which consist of the Australian Telecommunications Commission which is to handle the telecommunication sectors and also Australian Postal Commission which handles all the postal services under the trading name of Australia Post in 1975. In addition to that later in 1989 the Australian Government
Premium Mail
There are valid arguments for both sides. Arguments against allowing refugees into Australia are the strongest in terms of financial cost and economic consequences for Australia. Those consequences are real and affect all of us. I have decided to argue in favour of allowing refugees enter Australia for the following reasons. A refugee is a person who is forced to leave his or her own country without the ability to return because of a war or a real risk of persecution because of their race‚ religion
Premium Human rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights
CASE STUDY CONTIKI AUSTRALIA: PROVIDING SUPERIOR VALUE. Table of Contents. 1. Executive Summary 3 2. Case Analysis 3 2.1 Introduction and background. 3 2.2 Contiki’s image. 3 2.2 Marketing strategies used to create value for target market. 4 3. Economic downturn. 5 4. Conclusion 6 5. References. 6 1. Executive Summary This case study discusses‚ the marketing strategies Contiki Australia utilizes in order to provide superior value to its customers and in return gain
Premium Marketing Marketing strategy Customer
One of the most valuable lessons that I have learnt from life is to make the best of what I have. I believe this is one of the most important rules than can help one survive in a developing country like Pakistan. A lot is written and said about Pakistan these days; that it is begging for good governance; is rife with mismanaged assets; is plagued by rampant corruption – the problems listed are endless. The one problem that has always irked me lies in the fact that the majority of the privileged class
Premium University Business Education
Contents Question one What is an enterprise under Australia legislation? Under section 9-20‚ an enterprise could be done by any activities from any form of entities with or without commercial purposes. In this case‚ Phil and Ina manage the farm to sold wool and supply grapes to winery in considerations‚ is an activities done by entities under GST legislation‚ these activities constitute an enterprise. Do Phil and Ina have to register for GST? What advice
Premium Invoice Taxation in the United States Business
In today’s society‚ racism is currently being reported on SBS‚ which has critically impacted on healthy delivery and cultural realities in work practice. Racism is the prejudicial discrimination against any member of a particular race‚ founded on the belief one’s personal race is superior. Racism can be distinguished through culture in work practices‚ communication in the workplace between clients and health care workers‚ cultural safety in workplace and professional relationships‚ and partnership
Premium Indigenous Australians Health care Culture
Homelessness in Australia. A man is out on the streets by himself‚ nobody to talk to‚ no home to live in‚ No food‚ No water and He has no money. This is one of many conditions a homeless person has to go through. On a cold winters day‚ whilst you are snuggled up in blankets and sipping on a hot beverage. Think to yourself how lucky you are to be living such a cozy life‚ while a homeless man is outside in the elements freezing. How common is homelessness in Australia? The population
Premium Homelessness Busking