|α cells |Cells in the islets of Langerhans that release glucagon in response to low blood glucose levels. | |Acetylcholine |A neurotransmitter (transmitter substance) found in cholinergic synapses. | |Acetylcholinesterase |An enzyme in the synaptic cleft that breaks down the transmitter substance acetylcholine. | |Actin |A protein
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NEURAL CONTROL AND COORDINATION CHAPTER 21 NEURAL CONTROL COORDINATION 21.1 Neural System 21.2 Human Neural System 21.3 Neuron as Structural and Functional Unit of Neural System 21.4 Central Neural System 21.5 Reflex Action and Reflex Arc 21.6 Sensory Reception and Processing 315 AND As you know‚ the functions of the organs/organ systems in our body must be coordinated to maintain homeostasis. Coordination is the process through which two or more organs interact and
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NATIONAL CENTERR FORR CA NA C SE STUDDY TEACH CHIN IN NG IN SCI CIEN ENCCE EN I’ve Fallen Over and I Can’t Get Up by Ashley L. Madern‚ Michael D. Hood‚ Jeffrey C. Paul‚ Jr.‚ and Philip J. Stephens Department of Biology‚ Villanova University‚ Villanova‚ PA Part I – Children Playing in the Heat The summer of 1985 turned out to be the hottest on record for Tulsa‚ Oklahoma‚ and that day in July was one of the hottest. Two boys were playing outside while their mothers were inside preparing lunch for
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biologist named Otto Loewi‚ who would later win the Nobel Prize for his work. Acetylcholine has many functions: It is responsible for much of the stimulation of muscles‚ including the muscles of the gastro-intestinal system. It is also found in sensory neurons and in the autonomic nervous system‚ and has a part in scheduling REM (dream) sleep. The plant poisons curare and hemlock cause paralysis by blocking the acetylcholine receptor sites of muscle cells. The well-known poison botulin works by preventing
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Test 01 - Introduction Receptor cells use chemical transmitters to communicate with relay cells or afferent nerve fibers. In all sensory systems‚ accessory structures modify‚ in some way‚ the stimulus going to the receptor surface. Receptors are electrically polarized cells and therefore have a resting membrane potential. Stimuli produce‚ in the appropriate receptors‚ a change in the electrical properties that is known as the receptor or generator potential. The two ways in which sensory stimuli
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signal-transducing molecules ("second messengers"messengers") in the post-synaptic cells (Cooper‚ Bloom and Roth 1996). Nine compounds -- belonging to three chemical families -- are generally believed to function as neurotransmitters somewhere in the central nervous system (CNS) or periphery. In addition‚ certain other body chemicals‚ for example adenosine‚ histamine‚ enkephalins‚ endorphins‚ and epinephrine‚ have neurotransmitter-like properties‚ and many additional true neurotransmitters may await discovery.
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uestion : You are at a basketball game and the arena is packed; the crowd is evenly split between fans of the two teams. At one point‚ the referee makes a call. Half of the fans yell insults; the other half of the fans shout their approval. The event reminds you of the topic of today’s lecture in psychology class. What was the likely topic of the lecture? Student Answer: bias experiments psychoanalysis extraneous variables Instructor Explanation: Chapter 1
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Human Brain vs. Computer Outline Thesis Statement: Some say computers are more smarter than the human brain but in reality a humans brain is what created it. Introduction Memory A. Human Brain 1. Memory not measurable 2. Would not overload from memory B. Computer 1. Data programed 2. Can’t learn new things on its own 3.Limited memory space III. Capability A. Human Brain 1. Learn new things easily 2. Ability to make decisions B. Computer 1. Multitasking
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to One Another: Bridging the Gap Neurotransmitters: Multitalented Chemical Couriers module 6 module 7 The Brain The Nervous System and the Endocrine System: Communicating within the Body The Nervous System The Endocrine System: Of Chemicals and Glands Studying the Brain’s Structure and Functions: Spying on the Brain The Central Core: Our “Old Brain” The Limbic System: Beyond the Central Core The Cerebral Cortex: Our “New Brain” Neuroplasticity and the Brain The Specialization of the Hemispheres:
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body involves an internal balance in order for the body to properly function. This system is known as dual innervations. These are innervations affected by two systems known as the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerve systems. The effector organs for the sympathetic system include: the smooth muscle of blood vessels‚ lungs‚ viscera‚ scalp‚ pupils‚ the heart‚ and glands. The effector organs for the parasympathetic system include: lacrimal glands‚ salivary glands‚ neck‚ blood vessels of the head‚ thoracoabdominal
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