Contents page Introduction……………………page1 Literature review………………page 2 Uses of ratios…………………...Page 2 Types of financial ratios………Page 3 ➢ Profitability ratios……….Page 3 ➢ Efficiency Ratios………....Page 4 ➢ Liquidity Ratios………….Page 5 ➢ Investment Ratios………..Page 6 Limitations of ratios…………..Page 8 Conclusion……………………..Page 8 Introduction. The primary purpose of accounting is to convey information about the business to management‚ investors‚ shareholders‚ government
Premium Generally Accepted Accounting Principles Balance sheet Financial ratio
STATEMENTS i ii FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS HAYLEYS EXPORTS PLC ANNUAL REPORT 2011-2012 Turnover (Rs ‘000) Profit / (Loss) Before Taxation (Rs ‘000) Profit / (Loss) After Taxation (Rs ‘000) Total Equity (Rs ‘000) Net Foreign Exchange Earnings (Rs ‘000) Earnings /(Loss) Per Share (Rs) Net Assets Per Share (Rs) Market Value Per Share (Rs) TURNOVER Rupees Million Company‚ Joint Venture & Associate 2011/12 595‚540 (6‚581) (8‚001) 334‚209 503‚857 (1.00) 41.78 28.90 2010/11 734‚131 (46‚957) (49‚482)
Premium Board of directors Corporate governance Executive director
A Diff: 1 Page Ref: 434; Fig. 12.11 4) Inferior horn of lateral ventricle. Answer: E Diff: 1 Page Ref: 434; Fig. 12.11 5) Part of the basal nuclei. Answer: B Diff: 1 Page Ref: 443; Fig. 12.11 6) Thalamus. Answer: D Diff: 1 Page Ref: 443; Fig. 12.11 Figure 12.2 Using Figure 12.2‚ match the following: 7) Pons. Answer: E Diff: 2 Page Ref: 443; Fig. 12.10 8) Corpus callosum. Answer: A Diff: 2 Page Ref: 443; Fig
Free Brain Cerebrum Cerebral cortex
196) | (803‚245) | Profit after taxations | 1‚702‚094 | 1‚762‚691 | Earning per share | Rs. 3.92 | Rs 3.86 | Source: Bank Alfalah Annual Report 2011 Profit after taxation for the year 2011 is Rs 1‚762‚691‚ which is just an increase of 3.5%‚ however earning per share‚ a ratio that is closely looked over by the shareholders of a company decreased from Rs. 3.92 to Rs. 3.86. The major reason for this decrease in this ratio is mainly the small increase in profits before taxation‚ increase in provisions
Premium Balance sheet Asset Stock market
Manufacturing Systems in the Modernization of Manufacturing Manufacturing system‚ to understand manufacturing system it is first essential to appreciate the context of manufacturing. Manufacturing is the organized activity devoted to the tranformation of raw materials into marketable goods (B.Wu‚ 1996). Manufacturing is the transformation of material into something useful and portable. In the sector of industry‚ manufacturing is called a secondary industry‚ because this is the sector of a nation’s
Premium Manufacturing Industry
Earnings management is typically regarded as a bad thing. I will cover why it’s considered a bad thing‚ and what it entails. When an executive “cooks the books” it’s referring to them providing false information in order to deceive other important employees or shareholders. This act includes‚ but is not limited to: falsifying receipts‚ inventories‚ balance sheets‚ and/or cash flow statements. This is an important concept to familiarize yourself with because‚ if identified and stopped in time‚ could
Premium Accounting scandals Arthur Andersen Enron
reported earnings and the reasons behind each way may be different. (1) Report lower earnings. Managers intend to report lower earnings for mainly three reasons. Firstly‚ they want to hide profit for future use. In some years‚ the company presents a strong performance and has earned huge profit; however the manager may worry that the company’s future performance would not be as strong as current year‚ which gives them the incentive to save the profit by reporting a managed lower earning‚ so that
Premium Audit Auditing
The following are the main characteristics of FMCGs:[1] • From the consumers ’ perspective: • Frequent purchase • Low involvement (little or no effort to choose the item – products with strong Brand loyalty are exceptions to this rule) • Low price • From the marketers ’ angle: • High volumes • Low contribution margins • Extensive distribution networks • High stock turnover Examples include non-durable goods such as soft drinks‚ toilees‚ and grocery items.[1][2] Though the absolute profit
Premium Financial ratios Financial ratio
Not an Average Teenager The moral of my life was to finish school‚ go through sports‚ and have a good life‚ a lavish one. One that could be spread throughout the world and secrets shared with others so that they could one day be as successful as you “were”. I wouldn’t consider myself very religious; I don’t get what the pastor is saying half the time because I’ve only read the bible a couple of times‚ when he says find this on this page I never know what he is talking about; sometimes I feel why
Premium The Scarlet Letter Hester Prynne Nathaniel Hawthorne
Maintaining Competitive Advantage in the E-reader Industry Amazon’s competitive advantage in the e-reader industry due to their top selling ‘Kindle’ electronic reading device‚ still in its infancy‚ will be difficult for any rival in the industry to achieve. While electronics design and manfacturing are not Amazon’s core competency by any means‚ Amazon’s Kindle e-Reading device has beat out its biggest rival‚ electronics heavy-weight Sony‚ by an estimated 30% higher device sales in 2008. What’s
Premium Amazon Kindle E-book