Phobias and Addictions Classical and operant conditioning play a large part in how people learn both good bad habits. Phobias and addictions are just two of the negative behaviors learned or triggered by one of these behaviors. Classical conditioning is a type of learning discovered by Ivan Pavlov. He found that he could use a conditional or neutral stimulus to elicit an unconditioned response. Pavlov proved this theory with both a dog and a child. Ivan first measured the amount of saliva produced
Premium Classical conditioning Behaviorism Ivan Pavlov
their environment. There are two forms of associative learning‚ classical conditioning‚ which is associative learning before an event‚ which takes the form of a reflexive response to it‚ and operant conditioning‚ which is associated learning after an event‚ due to its’ consequences. This essay will look at theories behind classical conditioning and their use in the treatment of phobias and addiction. Classical conditioning was discovered through for the work of the 20th century Russian physiologist
Premium Classical conditioning Behaviorism Ivan Pavlov
and Current Drug Abuse Trends in the United States Tabatha Smith University of Phoenix PSY 425 Dawn Weldon September 20‚ 2010 Past and Current Drug Abuse Trends in the United States Trends in drug use amidst Americans are in a roundabout way attributed to trends in society. Despite the fact that drugs always have been around in one form or another‚ their early manipulations on society trace back to 4000 B.C. American society has been familiar with habit forming drugs as far back
Premium Drug addiction Cocaine Prescription drug
chemistry‚ an alcohol is an organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom. In particular‚ this carbon center should be saturated‚ having single bonds to three other atoms.[1] An important class of alcohols are the simple acyclic alcohols‚ the general formula for which is CnH2n+1OH. Of those‚ ethanol (C2H5OH) is the type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages‚ and in common speech the word alcohol refers specifically to ethanol. Other alcohols are usually
Premium Alcohol
Running head: REGULATION OF DEVIANCE: DRUG AND ALCOHOL USE Regulation of Deviance: Drug and Alcohol Use among Adolescents and Young Adults Nikkee L Payne University of Nebraska at Lincoln Abstract This paper explores the overall affects that peers‚ family members‚ and religious affiliations have among adolescents and young adults when it comes to the use of deviant substances such as drugs and alcohol. Here we will examine the specific affects that peers tend to have on individual adolescents
Free Adolescence Peer group
Whenever he has free time‚ he spends his time with his friends and stays up late drinking. Sometimes he comes to the room with booze and he pees on the floor. I am helping him to avoid his bad habit by using classical and operant conditioning methods. In classical conditioning‚ the conditioned stimulus is not simply connected to the unconditioned response; the conditioned response usually differs in some way from the unconditioned response. For example‚ while my roommate starts drinking he gets sick
Premium Alcoholism Addiction Psychology
the role of Classical Conditioning In modern consumer behaviour” Learning is a relatively permanent change in behaviour which comes from experience. “Learning occurs when new behaviours or changes in behaviours are acquired as the result of an individual’s response to stimuli.” (www.my-ecoach.com). There are three types of behavioural learning theories. These include contiguity‚ classical or respondent conditioning and operant conditioning. “In classical conditioning‚ a secondary stimulus is
Premium Classical conditioning Behaviorism Operant conditioning
behavior therapy and acceleration behavior therapy are to primary methods that behavior therapy uses to affect the frequency of the occurrence of target behaviors. Acceleration behavior therapy increases the frequency of the occurrence of a target behavior‚ while deceleration behavior therapy decreases the frequency of the occurrence of a target behavior. There are three primary deceleration strategies that are used in behavior therapy; differential reinforcement‚ punishment‚ and aversion therapy. Although
Premium Reinforcement
Classical conditioning Results from presentation of conditioned stimulus with unconditioned stimulus. Definition of Stimulus- Unconditioned stimulus Stimulus which reliably elicits a reflex-like response. E.g.‚ puff of air- eye blink‚ Pain- withdrawal‚ loud noise- startled response‚ food powder- salivation. Unconditioned Response Reflex-like response elicited by unconditioned stimulus Eye blink Withdrawal Startle Salivation Conditioned stimulus An originally neutral stimulus (does
Premium Classical conditioning
Treatments of Alcoholism Alcoholism can destroy the life of an alcoholic and devastate the alcoholic ’s family. But it also has overwhelming consequences for society. Consider these statistics from the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence: *In 1988‚ alcoholism and problems related to it cost the United States an estimated $85.8 billion in mortality and reduced productivity; *Fetal alcohol syndrome‚ caused by a woman ’s drinking during pregnancy‚ afflicts five thousand infants
Premium Drug addiction Alcoholism Addiction